5 - Chemistry of the Body Flashcards
The body contains _____ chemical elements.
26
Aluminum is an example of a ________.
Trace mineral
What substances break apart into two or more ions when put into water.
Electrolytes
When in balance, the body’s pH should be within what range?
7.35-7.45
Cause tissue damage.
Free radicals
An ion is an atom that ______
Could be either positively or negatively charged.
Chemical imbalances contribute to many conditions, including _______
Depression, diabetes and cancer
Protons, neutrons and electrons are all examples of _______
Subatomic particles
Excess calories are stored as _____
Fat
Oxygen, carbon, hydrogen and nitrogen account for approximately ___% of the body’s mass.
96%
Two or more atoms bonded together is a(n) _____
Molecule
Two or more forms of the same atom with different masses are _______
Isotopes
Consuming too much of a mineral can result in______
Toxicity
______ is an example of an acid.
Gastric juice
______ is not a trace element.
Niacin
The simplest component from which all other chemical structures are built.
Element
A biochemical reaction in which simpler substances are combined to form more complex substances, resulting in the storage of energy, the production of new cellular material and growth.
Anabolism
A biochemical process involved in the breakdown of organic compounds, usually leading to the production of energy.
Catabolism
The sum of all energy-producing and energy-using processes that occur in the human body.
Metabolism
Chemical elements are composed of ___
Atoms
The core of the atom.
Nucleus
Protons have what type of charge?
Positive
Neutrons have what type of charge?
Neutral
Electrons have what type of charge?
Negative
Another word for molecule.
Compound
An atom that is positively or negatively charged.
Ion
Substances that will release hydrogen ions in a solution.
Acids
Two substances in uneven amounts mixed together.
Solution
A substance that will bind to hydrogen ions in a solution.
Base
