4.6.2.4 genetic engineering (HT)

Question 1

Describe the basic process of genetic engineering.

Answer 1

1. A useful gene is isolated from one organism’s genome enzymes.
2. The gene is inserted into a vector (a virus or bacterial plasmid).
3. The vector is introduced into the cells of the organism that you are modifying at an early stage of development (embryo).

Question 2

When should new genes be added to an organism during genetic engineering?

Answer 2

At an early stage of the organisms development e.g. when it is an embryo.

Question 3

How are genes cut from DNA?

Answer 3

Using enzymes

Question 4

The vectors that are used in genetic engineering can be…

Answer 4

viruses or bacteria