4.2.3 plant tissues, organs, and systems

Question 2

Epidermal tissue function is

Answer 2

covers the plant

Question 3

Palisade mesophyll tissue function is

Answer 3

trap sunlight for photosynthesis - packed full with chloroplasts

Question 4

Spongy mesophyll tissue function is

Answer 4

contains lots of air spaces to allow gases to diffuse in and out of cells

Question 5

Xylem function

Answer 5

to transport water from the roots up and down the plant

Question 6

Phloem function

Answer 6

to transport glucose from the leaves up and down the plant

Question 7

Translocation…

Answer 7

Is the mass movement of sugars up and down the plant

Question 8

Meristem tissue function

Answer 8

found at the growing tips (shoots and roots) and can differentiate into lots of different types of plant cells

Question 9

Upper epidermis tissue function is

Answer 9

transparent so that light can pass through

Question 10

Stomata function is

Answer 10

composed of 2 guard cells - this allows the gases to diffuse into and out of the leaf

Question 11

The phloem tubes are made up of

Answer 11

elongated living cells

Question 12

Xylem tubes/vessels are made up of

Answer 12

dead cells

Question 13

Define the transpiration stream

Answer 13

movement of water from the roots, through the xylem and out of the stomata

Question 14

Transpiration is

Answer 14

the evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant via its stomata

Question 15

Transpiration is fastest when it is

Answer 15

windy, dry air, sunny and warm

Question 16

Transpiration is slow when it is

Answer 16

cold, dark, humid and not windy

Question 17

How can you estimate the rate of transpiration?

Answer 17

By measuring the rate of water uptake using a potometer

Question 18

Name the cell that makes up the stomata

Answer 18

guard cells

Question 19

How do guard cells respond when there is plenty of water available?

Answer 19

they become turgid and the stomata open

Question 20

How do guard cells respond when there is not a lot of water available?

Answer 20

they shrink and become flaccid and the stomata close

Question 21

How do they stomata respond to the dark

Answer 21

they close to conserve water

Question 22

Which side of a leaf do you find more stomata

Answer 22

underside

Question 23

Why is there fewer stomata on the upper surface of a leaf?

Answer 23

because it is sunnier and warmer - having less stomata reduced water loss

Question 24

why is the upper epidermis transparent?

Answer 24

to allow light to pass through

Question 25

What type of cells is the xylem made from ?

Answer 25

dead cells

Question 26

Xylem tubes are strengthened by what material?

Answer 26

lignin

Question 27

The movement of water from the roots up the stem and out through the leaves is called the…

Answer 27

transpiration stream

Question 28

This word describes the evaporation and diffusion of water from the leaf via the stomata

Answer 28

transpiration

Question 29

Phloem tubes are made up from what type of cell?

Answer 29

living cells

Question 30

In a plant is glucose transported down the plant OR up and down the plant?

Answer 30

up AND down

Question 31

The movement of glucose up and down the plant is called?

Answer 31

translocation

Question 32

At night time what happens to the stomata?

Answer 32

they close (as no need to take in carbon dioxide)

Question 33

In the night what process happens in the plant?

Answer 33

respiration ONLY

Question 34

In the daytime what processes occur inside the plant?

Answer 34

Photosynthesis AND respiration

Question 35

In the daytime how do the stomata respond?

Answer 35

they open

Question 36

In dry conditions what happens to the stomata of a plant?

Answer 36

they become flaccid so that the stomata pore closes

Question 37

Why does the stomata close in dry conditions?

Answer 37

reduce water loss

Question 38

Which side of the leaf do you find the fewest number of stomata?

Answer 38

upper side

Question 39

Why are there fewer stomata on the upper surface of the leaf

Answer 39

warmer and sunnier

Question 40

Why are there more stomata on the under side of the leaf?

Answer 40

its cooler and in the shade

Question 41

Equation for photosynthesis (word equation)

Answer 41

water + carbon dioxide = glucose and oxygen

Question 42

How is the glucose used by the plant?

Answer 42

make cellulose
store as starch
used in respiration
used to make amino acids which make proteins
used to make fats and oils