4.2.3 plant tissues, organs, and systems Flashcards

1
Q
A
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2
Q

Epidermal tissue function is

A

covers the plant

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3
Q

Palisade mesophyll tissue function is

A

trap sunlight for photosynthesis - packed full with chloroplasts

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4
Q

Spongy mesophyll tissue function is

A

contains lots of air spaces to allow gases to diffuse in and out of cells

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5
Q

Xylem function

A

to transport water from the roots up and down the plant

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6
Q

Phloem function

A

to transport glucose from the leaves up and down the plant

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7
Q

Translocation…

A

Is the mass movement of sugars up and down the plant

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8
Q

Meristem tissue function

A

found at the growing tips (shoots and roots) and can differentiate into lots of different types of plant cells

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9
Q

Upper epidermis tissue function is

A

transparent so that light can pass through

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10
Q

Stomata function is

A

composed of 2 guard cells - this allows the gases to diffuse into and out of the leaf

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11
Q

The phloem tubes are made up of

A

elongated living cells

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12
Q

Xylem tubes/vessels are made up of

A

dead cells

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13
Q

Define the transpiration stream

A

movement of water from the roots, through the xylem and out of the stomata

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14
Q

Transpiration is

A

the evaporation of water from the leaves of a plant via its stomata

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15
Q

Transpiration is fastest when it is

A

windy, dry air, sunny and warm

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16
Q

Transpiration is slow when it is

A

cold, dark, humid and not windy

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17
Q

How can you estimate the rate of transpiration?

A

By measuring the rate of water uptake using a potometer

18
Q

Name the cell that makes up the stomata

A

guard cells

19
Q

How do guard cells respond when there is plenty of water available?

A

they become turgid and the stomata open

20
Q

How do guard cells respond when there is not a lot of water available?

A

they shrink and become flaccid and the stomata close

21
Q

How do they stomata respond to the dark

A

they close to conserve water

22
Q

Which side of a leaf do you find more stomata

23
Q

Why is there fewer stomata on the upper surface of a leaf?

A

because it is sunnier and warmer - having less stomata reduced water loss

24
Q

why is the upper epidermis transparent?

A

to allow light to pass through

25
What type of cells is the xylem made from ?
dead cells
26
Xylem tubes are strengthened by what material?
lignin
27
The movement of water from the roots up the stem and out through the leaves is called the...
transpiration stream
28
This word describes the evaporation and diffusion of water from the leaf via the stomata
transpiration
29
Phloem tubes are made up from what type of cell?
living cells
30
In a plant is glucose transported down the plant OR up and down the plant?
up AND down
31
The movement of glucose up and down the plant is called?
translocation
32
At night time what happens to the stomata?
they close (as no need to take in carbon dioxide)
33
In the night what process happens in the plant?
respiration ONLY
34
In the daytime what processes occur inside the plant?
Photosynthesis AND respiration
35
In the daytime how do the stomata respond?
they open
36
In dry conditions what happens to the stomata of a plant?
they become flaccid so that the stomata pore closes
37
Why does the stomata close in dry conditions?
reduce water loss
38
Which side of the leaf do you find the fewest number of stomata?
upper side
39
Why are there fewer stomata on the upper surface of the leaf
warmer and sunnier
40
Why are there more stomata on the under side of the leaf?
its cooler and in the shade
41
Equation for photosynthesis (word equation)
water + carbon dioxide = glucose and oxygen
42
How is the glucose used by the plant?
``` make cellulose store as starch used in respiration used to make amino acids which make proteins used to make fats and oils ```