4.5.2.4 control of body temperature (SINGLE) Flashcards
What is human body temperature?
37 degrees Celsius
What is the name of the center in the brain which monitors and controls body temperature?
Thermoregulatory centre
The thermoregulatory centre has structures which detect changes in the temperature of the blood flowing through the brain. what is the name of these structures?
Receptors
They body must _________ energy gained and lost to maintain a constant temperature.
Balance
As well a detecting changes in blood temperature, where else is information received from?
The skin
Which effectors are triggered if the body temperature goes above 37 degrees?
Sweat glands produce sweat
Which effectors are triggered if the body temperature drops below 37 degrees?
Muscles shiver
shivering muscles and sweat producing glands work in opposing ways to sensitively maintain body temperature. What is this called?
Antagonistic
What happens when you are too hot?
- sweat glands produce sweat
- blood vessels dilate
- body hairs lie flat
- muscles do NOT shiver
What happens when you are too cold?
- sweat glands do NOT produce sweat
- blood vessels constrict
- body hairs stand up
- muscles shiver
How does vasoconstriction help to maintain heat?
Blood vessels to the skin are restricted, less blood flows near to the surface of the skin so less heat is lost to the surroundings.
How does vasodilation help to lose heat?
Blood vessels close to the skin dilate, more blood flows near to the surface of the skin so more heat is lost to the surroundings.
What does dilate mean?
Open up
How does sweat cool the skin surface?
Water in the sweat evaporates from the skin surface, this transfers energy to the environment
What does the body temperature increase when hairs stand up?
Insulating air is trapped near to the skin surface, keeping heat in
