46. Classification of removable orthodontic appliances.

Question 1

1. What are the orthodontic appliances?

Answer 1

The orthodontic appliances are the devices which create and transmit the force to the individual tooth or group of the tooth and cause change the bone or movement of the teeth.

Question 2

2. What is the purpose of the orthodontic appliances?

Answer 2

1/ To solve esthetic complaints
2/ To treat the functional anomalieas (chewing, speech, TMI, etc.)
3/ Prevention (caries, parodontitis, TMJ dysfunction)

Question 3

3. Classification of removable orthodontic appliances
   a/ What are the 2 groups of plates?

Answer 3

Passive and active

Question 4

3. Classification of removable orthodontic appliances
   b/ List active plates

Answer 4

1. Upper typical active plate with a screw and inclined plane
2. Lower typical active plate with a screw
3. Upper atypical active plate with a screw and occlusal biteraiser
4. Lower atypical active plate with a srew
5. Upper and lower Y-plates

Question 5

4. what are the elements of the Upper passive (retention) plates

Answer 5

• Acryl basic plate
• Labial bow
• Clasps
• Active elements

Question 6

5. What are The elements of the plates Lower passive (retention) plate?

Answer 6

1/ Acryl basic plate
2/ Labial bow
3/ Clasps - Adam or arrow clasps
4/ Active elements-springs
- Free-ended or finger springs
- Console-lIke springs

Question 7

6. What are the elements of active plates?

Answer 7

• The screws
• The elements of the plates- Bite raising plane
  -> thick acrylate behind the incisors intrusion of lower incisrs

Question 8

7. Early orthodontic treatments
   a/ What happen during the 1st phase of the orthodontic treatments?

Answer 8

• carried out in the mixed (sometimes in the milk) dentition – the aim is to treat the skeletal (basal) anomalies during the active period of growth
• severe skeletal anomalies are easier to treat during the period of mixed dentition
• we can guide the growth into the optimal direction
  -it is important to avoid the irreversible damage of the teeth, bone mass, jaws and surrounding tissues
  -it is possible to cut out the unfavorable compensatory mechanisms

Question 9

7. Early orthodontic treatments
   b/ What are the advantages of Early orthodontic treatments?

Answer 9

• less extractions and surgical interventions are needed after the early treatments
• The results of the early treatments are usually persistent (less chance for relapse)
• Correction of certain anomalies can improve the children’s self-esteem and psychosocial status
• some „acut”, local problems require treatment which are often related to the falling out of deciduous and eruption of permanent teeth

Question 10

7. Early orthodontic treatments
   c/ What are the disadvantages of Early orthodontic treatments?

Answer 10

• It might result in a too long (many years) orthodontic treatment
• patient „burnout
• Higher expenses
• Doubtful oral hygiene for a long period of time

Question 11

7. Early orthodontic treatments
   d/ What are the appliances of Early orthodontic treatments for Treatment of children with cleft lip and palate?

Answer 11

Treatment of children with cleft lip and palate
In an average orthodontic office these patients are not treated.
- palatal plate- obturator insertion in the first days after birth
- Preparation for the lip and palate closing surgeries by approximation of the cleft tissue edges

Question 12

7. Early orthodontic treatments
   e/ The characteristics of trainers in early orthodontic treatments

Answer 12

Different types of trainers for different malocclusions

Question 13

The role of headgear

Answer 13

Direction of the pull based on the vertical pattern (deep bite or open bite)

We can connect the headgear to different parts of the removable appliances

High-pull headger Different arm lengths -> antero-posterior rotation