4.4: Joints and Ligaments Flashcards
Outcome 2: Classify types of joints in the body and discuss implications with injury
1
Q
What is a joint?
A
Bones are joined together
2
Q
What are the different types of joints?
A
- fibrous
- cartilaginous
- synovial
3
Q
Describe Fibrous joints
A
- immovable
- those between the cranial bones
4
Q
Describe cartilaginous joints
A
- slightly movable
- those between the vertebrae
5
Q
What are synovial joints?
A
- most joints are freely movable
- bones are separated by a joint cavity
6
Q
Define ligaments
A
- composed of fibrous connective tissue
- bind the bones together
7
Q
What is a joint capsule?
A
- formed by ligaments that hold the bones in place
- lined by synovial membrane
8
Q
What is synovial fluid?
A
- a lubricant for the joint
- produced by the synovial membrane
9
Q
List the different types of synovial (movable) joints
A
- hinge
- ball and socket
- saddle
- pivot
10
Q
Describe hinge joints
A
- largely permit movement in one direction only
- knee and elbow joints
11
Q
Describe Ball-and-socket joints
A
- allow movement in all planes and even a rotational movement
- hip (femur into the socket of the pelvis)
- shoulder joint
12
Q
Describe saddle joint
A
- allows the thumb to freely cross over the palm
13
Q
Describe pivot joint
A
- allows for rotational movement
- cervical spine (C1 and C2) allow rotation of the vertebrae
14
Q
What bones are joined by the sternoclavicular ligament?
A
joins the sternum with the clavicle
15
Q
coracoclavicular ligament
A
joins the coracoid process of the scapula to the clavicle
