43. SAMPLING AND DATA SATURATION Flashcards
1
Q
- What is Sampling?
A
- it is a very important aspect in Qualitative Research
2
Q
- When should a researcher stop interviewing participants?
A
WHEN THE DATA IS SATURATED:
- this means that there is no new information coming
from the data
- there are no new themes
- there are no new topics from the data
3
Q
- Why is Data Saturation important?
A
- IT SHOWS THAT THE DATA IS ENOUGH
- for us to have an in depth understanding of the
phenomenon - THE STUDY IS ROBUST
- this means that the study is publishable
4
Q
- Define: Robust.
A
- strong and viable
5
Q
- What do Researchers do once the Data has been collected?
A
- they start coding
6
Q
- Define: Code.
A
- WE USE THIS WHEN WE WANT TO REDUCE THE DATA
DOWN
- it makes the data more understandable and
manageable
- this helps us to make a conclusion - CODE
- is a word or a short phrase
- it represents a larger amount of information
- it can represent a whole paragraph
- or it can represent an important sentence
7
Q
- Which two sources could Coding rely on to get its information?
A
- Predetermined Codes
- Information coming directly from the Data
8
Q
- What happens once we have established our Codes?
A
- they can be grouped together as categories or themes
- this happens before data analysis
9
Q
- What are Themes?
A
- these are broader codes
10
Q
- What kind of Software can Coding be done through?
A
- Atlas Ti
- NVivo
- Etnograph
11
Q
- What is necessary for us to do when we are using a Software?
A
- it is necessary to use the same codes to label similar
words and sentences
12
Q
- What are the possible Codes we could write up for this paragraph?
A
- PERSONAL INFORMATION:
- information about the job
- age
- marital status - DOCTOR’S DECISIONS
- the doctor has checked and prescribed the antibiotics - TIME
- the consultation was very short - THE PATIENT’S FEELINGS DURING THE
CONSULTATION- they felt like an object
NB:
- this paragraph gives you so much information
- make sure to go sentence by sentence to ensure you
do not miss out on any information
13
Q
- What are the possible Codes we could write up for this paragraph?
A
- PERSONAL INFORMATION:
- information about their personal life - DOCTOR’S DECISIONS
- the doctor told the patient what to do - TIME
- the consultation was very short
- it was no more than 10 minutes long - THE PATIENT’S FEELINGS DURING THE
CONSULTATION- they felt like they do not count
NB:
- this paragraph gives you so much information
- make sure to go sentence by sentence to ensure you
do not miss out on any information
14
Q
- What should we do with the Codes we have established for both patients?
A
- WE MUST GROUP THE CODES FROM THE PATIENTS
- into broader categories
- these are known as Themes
- this is based on their similarities - THESE THEMES
- are representative of the codes
- they work as chapters and sections for our analysis
- they make the data less
15
Q
- What are the Themes we could make for these two patient cases?
A
- HISTORY TAKING
- this involves their Personal information - DECISION MAKING
- this involves the Doctor’s Decisions in both cases - DURATION OF CONSULTATION
- this speaks about the very short time of both of
their consultations - THE PATIENT’S FEELINGS
- both patients has negative feelings about their
consultations
16
Q
- Fill in this diagram.
A
- THEMES
- this is where the most saturated data is
- the overall results are the most manageable
- this means that no new themes are arising
- enough data has been accumulated to understand
the Research Question
- we can make clear conclusions about the topic - CODES
- DATA
17
Q
- What does this image show?
A
- this shows how we analyse the Qualitative data
- UNDER EACH THEME
- we must put the Codes from each interview
- we must also quote what exact the participant has
stated
18
Q
- What exactly are the steps for correctly analysing the data?
A
- WRITE A DESCRIPTION
- of the Representative Text for each theme - INCORPORATE A QUOTATION OR QUOTATIONS
- as examples for each Representative Text
- these quotations support the theme conclusions - USE THE LITERATURE TO INTERPRET YOUR DATA
- explain why your patient’s behaved the way they
did
- discuss how your findings compare with findings
from other studies
19
Q
- What is the Representative Text?
A
- it is the academic and scientific presentation of the
results