42: Pediatrics Flashcards
Bacterial infection of the airway, subglottic region; in children, most likely to appear after episodes of croup.
Bacterial Tracheitis
The area just below the head of a long bone in which growth in bone length occurs; the Epiphyseal plate.
Growth Plate
A condition marked by recurrent attacks of dyspnea with wheezing due to spasmodic constriction of bronchi, often as a response to allergens, or by mucous plugs.
Asthma
A severe, prolonged asthma attack that cannot be broken by aggressive pharmacological management.
Status Asthmaticus
Viral infection of the medium-sized airways, occurring most frequently during the first year of life.
Bronchiolitis
The inability of the heart to meet the metabolic needs of the body, resulting in inadequate tissue perfusion.
Cardiogenic Shock
Types of shock that result from causes other than inadequate cardiac output.
Non-cardiogenic Shock
Decreased amount of intravascular fluid in the body; often due to trauma that causes blood loss into a body cavity or frank external hemorrhage; in children, can be the result of vomiting and diarrhea.
Hypovolemic Shock
Marked decrease in peripheral vascular resistance with resultant hypotension; examples include septic shock, neurogenic shock, and anaphylactic shock.
Distributive Shock
Present at birth
Congenital
Prolonged seizure or multiple seizures with no regaining of conscious between them.
Status Epilepticus
Seizures that occur as a result of a sudden increase in body temperature; occur most commonly between ages 6 months and 6 years.
Febrile Seizure
Abnormally low concentration of glucose in the blood.
Hypoglycemia
Abnormally high concentration of glucose in the blood.
Hyperglycemia
Complication of diabetes due to decreased insulin secretion or intake; characterized by high levels of blood glucose, metabolic acidosis, and , in advanced stages coma, often referred to as diabetic coma.
Diabetic Ketoacidosis
Fractures characterized by angulation and deformity in the bone without an obvious break.
Bend Fractures
Fractures characterized by a raised or bulging projection at the fracture site.
Buckle Fracture
Fractures characterized by an incomplete break in the bone.
Greenstick Fracture
Illness of unknown etiology that occurs during the first year of life, with the peak at ages 2 - 4 months.
Sudden Infant Death Syndrome (SIDS)
A surgical incision in the neck held open by a metal or plastic tube.
Tracheostomy
A permanent surgical opening in the neck through which the patient breathes.
Stoma
Surgical connection that runs from the brain to the abdomen for the purpose of draining excess cerebrospinal fluid, thus preventing increased ICP.
Shunt
