20: Soft Tissue Trauma Flashcards
The body system consisting of epidermis, dermis and subcutaneous layers.
Integumentary System
Closed wound in which the skin is unbroken, although damage has occurred to the tissue immediately beneath.
Contusion
General reddening of the skin due to dilation of the superficial capillaries.
Erythema
Collection of blood beneath the skin or trapped within a body compartment.
Hematoma
Mechanism of injury in which tissue is locally compressed by high pressure forces.
Crush Injury
Systemic disorder of severe metabolic disturbances resulting from the crush of a limb or other body part.
Crush Syndrome
Scraping or abrading away of the superficial layers of the skin; an open soft-tissue injury.
Abrasion
An open wound, normally a tear with jagged borders.
Laceration
Natural patterns on the surface of the skin revealing tensions within.
Tension Lines
Very smooth or surgical laceration, frequently caused by a knife, scalpel, razor blade, or piece of glass.
Incision
Specific sift-tissue injury involving a deep, narrow wound to the skin and underlying organs that carries an increased danger of infection.
Puncture
Forceful tearing away or separation of body tissue; may be partial or complete.
Avulsion
Avulsion in which the mechanism of injury tears the skin off the underlying muscle, muscle, tissue, blood vessels, and bone.
Degloving Injury
Severance, removal, or detachment either partial or complete, of a body part.
Amputation
The body’s natural ability to stop bleeding; the ability to clot blood.
Hemostasis
Complex process of local cellular and biochemical changes as a consequence of injury or infection; an early stage of healing.
Inflammation
Chemicals released by white blood cells that attract more white blood cells to an area of inflammation.
Chemotactic Factors
White blood cells charged with the primary purpose of neutralizing foreign pathogens.
Granulocytes
Immune system cell that has the ability to recognize and ingest foreign pathogens.
Macrophage
Process in which a cell surrounds and adsorbs a bacterium or other particle.
Phagocytosis
Early stage of wound healing in which epithelial cells migrate over the surface of the wounds.
Epithelialization
New growth of capillaries in response to healing.
Neovascularization
Tough, strong protein that comprises most of the body’s connective tissue.
Collagen
Specialized cells that form collagen.
Fibroblasts
Stage in the wound healing process in which collagen is broken and relaid in an orderly fashion.
Remodeling
Inflammation of the lymph channels, usually as a result of a distal infection.
Lymphangitis
Deep space infection usually caused by the anaerobic bacterium clostridium perfringens.
Gangrene
A cellular component of blood, similar to plasma.
Serous Fluid
Muscle ischemia that is caused by rising pressures withing an anatomical fascial space.
Compartment Syndrome
A formation resulting from overproduction of scar tissue.
Keloid
Tissue Death usually from ischemia
Necrosis
Acute pathologic process that invilves the destruction of skeletal muscle.
Rhabdomyolysis