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Anatomy Lab > Quiz 4 (Appendicular skeleton, joints) > Flashcards

Quiz 4 (Appendicular skeleton, joints) Flashcards

1
Q

Humerus

A

Proximal upper limb bone

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2
Q

Head (humerus)

A

medial

articulates with glenoid fossa

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3
Q

greater tubercle

A

Superior projecting tubercle

lateral to head of humerus

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4
Q

less tubercle

A

smaller tubercle lateral to head on anterior surface of humerus

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5
Q

intertubercular groove

A

groove on anterior surface between the greater/lesser tubercle of humerus

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6
Q

surgical neck

A

Base of the head of the humerus
narrowing
the actual line on the model around the base of the head of the humerus

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7
Q

deltoid tuberosity

A

small ridge on anterior surface

1/2 down length of humerus

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8
Q

capitulum

A

smooth lateral head on distal anterior surface of the humerus. lateral to the trochlea. 1/2 of the condyle

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9
Q

trochlea

A

medial 1/2 of the condyle, medial to capitulum
smooth (v grove down middle) anterior distal surface
sharper than capitulum
wraps anteriorly and posteriorly

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10
Q

medial epicondyle

A

large process projecting medially from the distal end. medial to the condyle

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11
Q

lateral epicondyle

A

small process projecting laterally from the distal end of the humerus.
lateral to the condyle

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12
Q

coronoid fossa

A

depression on distal anterior surface of the humerus
immediately proximal to condyle
larger of the two anterior fossa

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13
Q

olecranon fossa

A

Large depression on distal posterior surface of the humerus

cradles the olecranon process

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14
Q

radial fossa

A

smaller of the two anterior distal fossa of the humerus

lateral to the coronoid fossa

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15
Q

Radius

A

Lateral bone of antebrachium

larger end is distal

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16
Q

Head (radius)

A

proximal, smaller

articulates with ulna

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17
Q

radial tuberosity

A

anterior, proximal end of radius

points medially

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18
Q

styloid process

A

lateral distal surface of radius

sharp point

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19
Q

ulnar notch

A

notch on medial surface of distal end of radius

opposite of styloid process

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20
Q

Ulna

A

Hook on proximal end

medial bone of the antebrachium

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21
Q

trochlear notch

A

anterior

big scoop

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22
Q

olecranon process

A

most proximal structure of the ulna forming the proximal half of the trochlear notch. fits into the olecranon fossa of the humerus

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23
Q

coronoid process

A

sharp process at the distal end of the trochlear notch
makes up half of the trochlear notch of the ulna
fits into coronoid fossa of the humerus

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24
Q

ulnar tuberosity

A

small ridge of bone originating from the coronoid process, moving distally
anterior proximal surface of ulna

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25
styloid process
on distal end of ulna medial and posterior | small spike
26
Head (ulna)
distal end of the ulna
27
radial notch
articulates with radial head | proximal, medial/inferior edge of the trochlear notch
28
Carpal bones of the hand: Stop letting those people touch the cadavers hand (lateral to medial, proximal to distal)
``` scaphoid (navicular) lunate triquetrum (triangular) pisiform trapezium trapezoid capitate hamate ```
29
Metacarpal bones
labeled 1-5 starting at the pollex (thumb)
30
Carpal bones are the bones of this region
wrist
31
metacarpal bones are the bones of this region
palm
32
phalanges how many
14
33
phalanges are the bones of this region
fingers/thumb
34
proximal phalanx
first digit of finger/thumb
35
middle phalanx
second digit of finger
36
distal phalanx
last digit of finger/thumb
37
another name for thumb
pollex
38
phalanges of the thumb
proximal | distal
39
Wording for quiz answers on metacarpals
metacarpal of the R/L hand
40
Wording for quiz answers on phalanges
P/M/D phalanx of the # digit of the R/L hand
41
Determining r/l hand
look for pisiform and thumb. | Pisiform is on the anterior surface (palm) side of hand
42
Femur
proximal bone of lower limb
43
Head (femur)
articulates with acetabulum
44
Fovea capitis (fovea)
depression in head of femur | serves for ligament attachment
45
neck (femur)
narrowing after head
46
greater trochanter
proximal posterior | large projection on femur
47
lesser trochanter
proximal posterior | projection just distal to the neck of the femur
48
intertrochanteric crest
Ridge that connects the greater/lesser trochanter of the femur
49
pectineal line
small ridge moving distal from base of lesser trochanter of the femur
50
linea aspera
projected line on posterior surface | runs the whole vertical length of the femur
51
lateral condyle (femur)
large smooth articulates with tibia lateral distal surface of the femur
52
medial condyle (femur)
large smooth articulates with tibia medial distal surface of the femur
53
lateral epicondyle (femur)
bump superior to the lateral condyle on the lateral surface of the femur
54
medial epicondyle (femur)
bumb superior to the medial condyle on the medial surface of the femur
55
patellar surface
anterior distal smooth area between the two condyles of the femur
56
patella
sesamoid bone forms within a tendon knee cap
57
base (patella)
superior surface, broader
58
apex (patella)
inferior surface, dull point
59
articular facets (lateral and medial) of the patella
posterior side lateral articular facet is larger lateral will be level on the table if siting on posterior side
60
Tibia
medial of the two bones of the lower half of the lower limb
61
medial condyle (tibia)
medial, superior articulating surface with the medial condyle of the femur
62
lateral condyle (tibia)
lateral, superior articulating surface with the lateral condyle of the femur
63
tibial tuberosity
bump on proximal, anterior surface of tibia | lower attachment of the tendon housing the patella
64
anterior crest (margin) (tibia)
most anterior surface of the tibia | ridge running down the front of the bone
65
medial malleolus
most distal, medially located structure of the tibia
66
Fibula (can pick up in quiz)
Lateral to tibia Sharp ridge is on anterior lateral side is smooth medial side is ruff
67
head (fibula)
proximal end | Flatter of the two ends
68
lateral malleolus
Distal end | pointier of the two ends of the fibula
69
Tarsal bones (7)
``` talus calcaneus navicular cuboid lateral/intermediate/medial cuneiform ```
70
talus
most superior | articulates with tibia
71
calcaneus
heal bone | largest bone of foot
72
navicular
medial to cuboid | larger than cuneiform bones
73
cuboid
lateral to navicular | larger than cuneiform bones
74
lateral (3rd) cuneiform
adjacent to cuboid | inline with middle toe
75
intermediate (2nd) cuneiform
inline with second metatarsal
76
medial (1st) cuneiform
inline with hallux
77
another name for big toe
hallux
78
Metatarsal bones
5 | counted from big to little toe
79
Phalanges of the foot
same as hand
80
TARSALS
the circus needs more interesting little clowns
81
hip fracture
head/neck, trochanter regions of femur, not acetabulum elderly more likely due to osteoporosis repair by inserting screws and pins or hip replacement on the rise due to increase lifespan
82
Green stick fracture
one side of bone breaks, other side bends | happens in children due to not fully osefied bones
83
SAD
synarthrosis- no movement amphiarthrosis- little movement diarthrosis- free movement
84
6 types of joints
``` plane joints hinge joint pivot joint condylar / ellipsoidal joint saddle joint ball and socket joint ```
85
shoulder joint
glenohumeral joint
86
glenohumeral ligaments
composed of three thickenings of the articular capsule over the anterior surface of the joint
87
transverse humeral ligament
narrow sheet extending from the greater tubercle in the lesser tubercle of the humerus. overlies the tendon of the biceps brachii
88
coracohumeral ligament
extends from the coracoid process to the head of the humerus | anterior/ superior surface
89
coracoacromial ligament
supports the superior surface of the capsule | spanning from the coracoid process to the acromion
90
acromioclavicular ligament
binds the acromion to the clavicle | restricts clavicular movement at the acromial end
91
two structures of the coracoclavicular ligament
conoid ligament-medial | trapezoid ligament-lateral
92
coracoclavicular ligament
connects the clavicle to the coracoid process of the scapula | helps to limit the relative motion between the clavicle and scapula
93
glenoidal labrum
narrow rim/lip of fibrocartilage around the edge of the glenoid cavity/fossa
94
boxers fracture
fracture of the 5th metatarsal
95
bankhart lesion
tear in labrum of shoulder occurs with dislocation treat by immobilization, surgery, or PT to inprove range of motion and muscle contraction
96
Slipped capital femoral epiphysis
young adolesence, fracture at epiphysis due to weakness can occur suddenly or over time more common in males who are overweight for height may lead to one leg looking shorter or turned out treat with surgery
97
elbow joint
humeroulnar or olecranal joint
98
ulnar collateral ligament
attaches to medial surface of ulna near trochleah and medial epicondyle of humerus
99
radial collateral ligament
attaches to lateral epicondyle of humerus and annular ligament binding the head of the radius
100
annular ligament
binds the proximal radial head to the radial notch of the ulna
101
knee joint
tibiofemoral joint
102
patellar ligament
inferior to patella, attaches to patella and tibial tuberosity
103
fibular (lateral) collateral ligament
fibula to femur reinforces lateral surface
104
tibial (medial) collateral ligament
tibia to femur, reinforces medial surface
105
medial meniscus
C shaped | made of fibrocartilage
106
lateral meniscus
O shaped | made of fibrocartilage
107
4 functions of the menisci
cushion conform to the shape of the articulating surfaces as the femur changes position increase the surface area of the tibiofemoral joint provide some lateral stability to the joint
108
anterior cruciate ligament
attaches to anterior of tibia and (middle) medial anterior femur
109
posterior cruciate ligament
attaches to posterior of tibia and (middle) medial anterior femur
110
What do the cruciate ligaments of the knee do
limit anterior and posterior movement of the tibia
111
hip joint
coxal joint
112
Why is the coxal joint the most stable
deep socket encloses nearly whole head of femur | large amount of force placed on the joint
113
inside the knee joint capsule
medial meniscus lateral meniscus anterior cruciate ligament posterior cruciate ligament
114
inside the coxal joint capsule
ligamentum teres transverse acetabular ligament acetabular labrum
115
acetabular labrum
increases the depth of acetabulum | made of fibro cartilage
116
iliofemoral ligament
attaches to ilium and interochanteric line of the femur
117
pubofemoral ligament
attaches to ischium and lateral to head of femur
118
ischiofemoral ligament
attaches to ischium and lateral to head of femur
119
transverse acetabular ligament
completes inferior boarder of acetabular fossa | crosses acetabular notch
120
ligamentum teres
attaches to fovea and inferior boarder of acetabulum
121
acromioclavicular joint
clavicle, sternum
122
sternoclavicular joint
sternum | clavicle
123
Luxation
dislocation of joint
124
subluxation
partial dislocation of joint
125
arthroscopic surgery
``` minimally invasive 3 small incisions 1 for camera 1 for fluid to be injected 1 for surgical instrument repairs bone fragments, scar tissue, damaged/torn cartilage or ligaments ```
126
bursitis
inflammation of the bursa
127
arthritis
damage to articular cartilage
128
rheumatoid arthritis
auto-immune disease damage to articular cartilage
129
osteoarthritis
due to age damage to articular cartilage
130
flat fee
loss or absence of longitudinal arch of the foot
131
congenital talipes equinovarus
club foot congenital deformity of one or both feet secondary developemnt to abnormalities of neuromuscular development
132
sprains
stretching ligament to point where some collagenous fibers are broken
133
menisectomy
surgical removal of an injured meniscus
134
shoulder separation
complete or partial dislocation of acromioclavicular joint
135
colles' fracture
break in the distal portion of radius | typical of reaching out to catch ones self in a fall
136
pott's fracture
occurs at ankle | affects both bones of the leg
137
comminuted fracture
shattering fracture

Anatomy Lab (12 decks)

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