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Psych 151 > 4 Sensation and Perception > Flashcards

4 Sensation and Perception Flashcards

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1
Q

refers to the process in which a sense organ changes or transforms physical energy into electrical signals that become neural impulses.

A

Transduction

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2
Q

refers to the decreasing response of the sense organs.

A

adaptation

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3
Q

are relatively meaningless bits of information that result when the brain processes electrical signals that come from the sense organs.

A

sensations

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4
Q

are meaningful sensory experiences that result after the brain combines hundreds of sensations.

A

perceptions

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5
Q

what are the sense organs

A
  1. hearing
  2. taste
  3. sight
  4. smell
  5. touch
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6
Q

are organs that detect light and send signals along the optic nerve to the visual and the areas of the brain

A

eyes

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7
Q

is a rounded, transparent covering over the front of your eye.

A

cornea

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8
Q

is a circular muscle that surrounds the pupil and controls the amount of light entering the eye.

A

iris

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9
Q

is a transparent oval structure whose curve
surface bends and focuses light waves into an even narrower beam.

A

lens

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10
Q

located at the very back of eyeball, is a thin film that contains cells that are extremely sensitive to light

A

retina

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11
Q

is the light-
sensitive layer of tissue at the back of the eye.

A

macula

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12
Q

carries the impulses to the brain which processes the image and enables you to see the object.

A

optic nerve

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13
Q

is the round opening at the front of your eye that allows light waves to pass into eye’s interior.

A

pupil

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14
Q

refers to a fluid (or semifluid) substance.

A

aqueous humor

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15
Q

are organs that detect sounds.

A

ears

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16
Q

They function as the organs of hearing and equilibrium

A

ears

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17
Q

They have two different structure for each of these functions.

A

ears

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18
Q

is the part of the ear we see structures

A

outer ear

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19
Q

is the oval- shaped structure that protrudes from the side of the hide.

A

pinna

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20
Q

is a passage way that leads from the outside of the head to the tympanic or eardrum membrane of each ear.

A

auditory canal

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21
Q

is a taut, thin structure commonly called as eardrum.

A

tympanic membrane

22
Q

are three small bones: the hammer , the anvil, and the stirrup.

A

middle ear

23
Q

contains two main structures that are sealed in bony cavities: the cochlea, which is involved in hearing, and the vestibular system, which is involved in balance.

A

inner ear

24
Q

is a skeletal muscle on the floor of the mouth that manipulates food for chewing and swallowing (deglutition

A

tongue

25
Q

is called the chemical sense because the stimuli are various chemical.

A

taste

26
Q

what are the 4 basic taste

A
  1. sweet
  2. salty
  3. bitter
  4. sour
27
Q

anatomically, a nose is a vertebrate respiratory organ that covers two nostrils in humans.

A

nose

28
Q

is called a chemical sense because its stimuli are various chemicals that are carried by the air.

A

olfaction

29
Q

what are the functions of olfaction

A
  1. to intensity the taste of food
  2. to warn us of potentially dangerous food
30
Q

is the outer covering of the body.

A

skin

31
Q

is the top layer of the skin and the one you can actually see.

A

epidermis

32
Q

the layer that lies underneath the epidermis, is composed entirely of living cells.

A

dermis

33
Q

they rise to the surface of the skin to eliminate waste matter.

A

lower dermis

34
Q

refers to a point above which a stimulus is perceived and below which a stimulus is perceived and below which it is not perceived.

A

threshold

35
Q

on one hand, refers to the intensity level of a stimulus such that a person will have a 50% chance detecting it.

A

absolute threshold

36
Q

on the others, refers to the intensity that gives a person less than a 50% chance of stimulus (plotnik, 2002) .

A

subliminal threshold

37
Q

Is one of the five complex perceptual modes by which human beings interact with the environment.

A

visual perceptual system

38
Q

determining where objects

A

localization

39
Q

discerning what objects and keeping the appearance of objects

A

recognition

40
Q

even if their images in the eye are changing (teh & macapagal, 2007).

A

constant

41
Q

Describe why certain figural elements seem to be perceived together, rather than as isolated, are independent units.

A

gestalt principles of grouping

42
Q

is the tendency to perceive objects as retaining the same size even when their images in the retina change in.

A

size constancy

43
Q

is the tendency to see an object as remaining the same shape regardless of the viewing angle and despite the considerable change in the shape of its image on the retina.

A

shape constancy

44
Q

is the tendency of the perceiver to perceive objects as remaining in the sameposition,place or location despite the changing location of the retina.

A

location constancy

45
Q

is the tendency of the perceiver to perceive colors as remaining the same despite variation in lighting.

A

color constancy

46
Q

is the tendency to perceive brightness as remaining the same even when the amount of light reflected from them changes.

A

brightness constancy

47
Q

is the ability to perceive things beyond the natural range of the senses.

A

clairvoyance

48
Q

is the direct transference of thought and/or feelings from one person to another, without using the five known senses.

A

telepathy

49
Q

is the direct knowledge or perception of the future, obtained through extrasensory means

A

precognition

50
Q

PK) or telekinesis is the ability to move things with one’s mind.

A

psychokinesis

Psych 151 (13 decks)

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