Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Psych 151 > 2 Biological Bases of Behavior > Flashcards

2 Biological Bases of Behavior Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

The study of biological bases of human behavior

A

Biopsychology

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

They use drugs for treating those with psychological & physical disorders.

A

Biopsychologist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Is the system by means of which we perceive, adapt to, & interact with the world around us.

A

Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Is made up of brain
& the spinal cord.
- Made up of neurons located in the brain and spinal cord.

A

Central Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Made up of neurons & bundles of axons & dendrites that carry information back & forth between the brain & the body.

A

Spinal Cord

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the division of the nervous system?

A
  1. Central Nervous System
  2. Peripheral Nervous System
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Includes all the nerves that extend from the spinal cord & carry messages to various muscles, glands, & sense organs located throughout the body.

A

Peripheral Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Consists of a network of nerves that connect either to sensory receptors or to muscles that you can move voluntarily.

A

Somatic Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Regulates heart rate, breathing, blood pressure, digestion, hormone secretion, & other functions

A

Autonomic Nervous System

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Subdivisions of the PNS

A
  1. Somatic Nervous system
    autonomic nervous system
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Subdivision of ANS

A
  1. Sympathetic Division
  2. Parasympathetic Division
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Which is triggered by threatening or challenging physical or psychological stimuli, increasing physiological arousal, & preparing the body for action.

A

Sympathetic division

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Returns the body to a calmer, relaxed state & is involved in digestion

A

parasympathetic divison

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Sympathetic actions

A

fight or flight

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

parasympathetic action

A

rest and digest

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

Are string like bundles of axons & dendrites that come from the spinal cord & are held together by connective tissue.

A

nerves

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

which number about 100 billion, have two specialized extensions: receiving electrical signals; & transmitting electrical signals

A

neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

the most numerous brain cells about 900billion

A

glial cells

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

is a relatively large, egg-shaped structure that provides fuel, manufactures chemicals, & maintains the entire neuron in working order

A

cell body

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

are branchlike extensions that arise from the cell body& insulates an axon

A

dendrites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

is a single threadlike structure that extends & carries signals away from the cell body to neighbouring neurons, organs, & muscles.

A

axon

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

looks like separate tube-like segments composed of fatty material that wraps around

A

Myelin Sheath

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Look likes tiny bubbles, are located at the extreme ends of the axon’s branches.

A

end bulb/ axon terminal buttons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

Is an infinitely small space (20-30 billions of a meter) that exists between an end bulb & its adjacent body organ (heart), muscles (head), or cell body.

A

synapse

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

are sensory neurons that carry information from the senses to the brain and spinal cord

A

Afferent neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

are motor neurons which carry information away from the brain & spinal cord to produce responses in various muscles & organs throughout the body.

A

efferent neurons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

is a relatively short neuron whose primary task is to connect neurons together.

A

interneuron

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Types of neurons

A
  1. afferent neuron
  2. efferent neuron
  3. interneuron
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

is the organ in
our bodies that most directly controls our thoughts, emotions, & motivations

A

brain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

is the largest part of the brain
- It uses information from our senses to tell us what is going on around us & tells our body how to respond

A

forebrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

– makes connections with the hindbrain and forebrain and alerts the forebrain to incoming sensation.
– It also involved in visual & auditory reflexes such as automatically turning your head towards a noise.

A

midbrain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

– functions as a bridge to interconnect messages between the spinal cord & the brain.

A

pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

– It also makes chemicals involved in sleep.

A

pons

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

is located at the top of the spinal cord.

A

medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

It includes a group f cell that controls vital reflexes such as respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure

A

medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

is located at the very back & underneath the brain.

A

cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

It also involved in coordinating movements, but not in initiating voluntary movements.

A

cerebellum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

a thin layer of cells that essentially covers the entire surface of the forebrain

A

cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

the largest area of the brain.

A

cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

Is concerned with all higher mental functions such as learning & memory, speaking & language, emotional responses, experiencing sensations, initiating voluntary movements, planning & decision making.

A

cerebrum

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

located at the front art o the brain.

A

frontal lobe

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

major parts of the brain

A
  1. forebrain
  2. midbrain
  3. hindbrain
43
Q

3 parts of hindbrain

A
  1. pons
  2. medulla
  3. cerebellum
44
Q

functions of frontal lobe

A

▪ Performing voluntary motor movements
▪ Interpreting & performing emotional behaviors
▪ Behaving normally in social situations
▪ Maintaining a healthy personality
▪ Paying attention to things in the environment
▪ Making decisions
▪ Executing plans

45
Q

– directly located behind the frontal lobe

A

parietal lobe

46
Q

– Is involved in processing sensory information from body parts

A

parietal lobe

47
Q

functions of parietal lobe

A

▪ Touching
▪ Locating positions of limbs
▪ Feeling temperature & pain
▪ Carrying out several cognitive functions such as attending to & perceiving objects

48
Q

– located at the very back of the brain.

A

occipital lobe

49
Q

functions of occipital lobe

A

 Seeing colors
 Perceiving & recognizing objects, animals, & people

50
Q

– located directly below the parietal lobe

A

temporal lobe

51
Q

functions of temporal lobe

A

▪ Hearing
▪ Speaking coherently
▪ Understanding verbal & written material

52
Q

The control centers: 4 lobes

A
  1. frontal lobe
  2. parietal lobe
  3. occipital lobe
  4. temporal lobe
53
Q

Refers to a group of about half a dozen interconnected structures that make up the core of the forebrain.

A

limbic system

54
Q

the master control for many emotional responses.

A

hypothalamus

55
Q

functions of hypothalamus

A

❖Regulates many motivational behaviors:
▪ Eating
▪ Drinking
▪ Sexual responses
❖Emotional behaviors
▪ arousing the body when fighting or fleeing
▪ Secretion of hormones

56
Q

located at the tip of the temporal lobe

A

amygdala

57
Q

functions of amygdala

A

▪ Forming
▪ Recognizing
▪ Remembering emotional experiences
▪ Emotional facial expressions

58
Q

Functions of Thalamus

A

▪ Receiving sensor information
▪ Doing some initial processing
▪ Relaying the sensory information to areas of the cortex

59
Q

– is a curve structure inside the temporal lobe

A

Hippocampus

60
Q

Functions of Hippocampus

A

▪ Saying many kinds of fleeting memories by putting them into permanent storage in various parts of the brain

61
Q

Is made up of numerous glands that are located throughout the body.

A

The Endocrine System

62
Q

Parts of Limbic System

A
  1. Hypothalamus
  2. Amygdala
  3. Thalamus
  4. Hippocampus
63
Q

is the key component of endocrine system.

A

Pituitary Gland

64
Q

regulates water & salt balance

A

Posterior pituitary (back)

65
Q

regulates growth throughout secretion of growth hormone & produces hormones that control the adrenal cortex, pancreas, thyroid, & gonads.

A

Anterior pituitary (front)

66
Q

regulates the level of sugar in the bloodstream by secreting insulin.

A

pancreas

67
Q

– located in the
neck.

A

thyroid

68
Q

– Regulates metabolism through secretion of hormones

A

Thyroid

69
Q

– secretes hormones that regulate sugar & salt balances & help the body resist stress, & is responsible for the growth of pubic hair.

A

Adrenal cortex (outside part)

70
Q

secretes two hormones that arouse the body to deal with stress & emergencies

A

adrenal medulla (inside part)

71
Q

what are the adrenal glands

A
  1. adrenal cortex (outside part)
  2. adrenal medulla (inside part)
72
Q

which the ovaries produce hormone that regulate sexual development, ovulation, & growth of the sex organs

A

females

73
Q

the testes produce hormones that regulate sexual development, production of sperm, & growth of sex organs.

A

males

74
Q

what are the gonads

A

females and males

75
Q

constricts pupil

A

parasympathetic

76
Q

stimulates salivation

A

parasympathetic

77
Q

inhibits heart

A

parasympathetic

78
Q

constricts bronchi

A

parasympathetic

79
Q

stimulates digestive activity

A

parasympathetic

80
Q

stimulates gallbladder

A

parasympathetic

81
Q

contracts bladder

A

parasympathetic

82
Q

relaxes rectum

A

parasympathetic

83
Q

dilates pupil

A

sympathetic

84
Q

inhibits salivation

A

sympathetic

85
Q

relaxes bronchi

A

sympathetic

86
Q

accelerates heart

A

sympathetic

87
Q

inhibits digestive activity

A

sympathetic

88
Q

stimulates glucose release by the liver

A

sympathetic

89
Q

secretion of epinephrine and norepinephrine from kidney

A

sympathetic

90
Q

relaxes bladder

A

sympathetic

91
Q

contracts rectum

A

sympathetic

92
Q

what are the two specialized extensions of neurons

A
  1. receiving electrical signals
  2. transmitting electrical signals
93
Q

part of the neuron that transmits

A

axon terminals

94
Q

part of the neuron that insulates fatty layer that speeds transmission

A

myelin sheath

95
Q

it is the conducting fiber

A

axon

96
Q

they make the myelin

A

Schwann’s cells

97
Q

part of a neuron that is the receiver

A

dendrites

98
Q

the forebrain is composed of

A
  1. cerebral cortex
  2. limbic system
99
Q

executive functions, thinking, planning, organising and problem solving, emotions and behavioral control, personality

A

frontal lobe

100
Q

movement

A

motor cortex

101
Q

sensations

A

sensory cortex

102
Q

perception, making sense to the world, arithmetic, spelling

A

parietal lobe

103
Q

vision

A

occipital lobe

104
Q

memory, understanding, language

A

temporal lobe

Psych 151 (13 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions