4. Schizophrenia

Question 1

df illusions

Answer 1

misperceptions of real environmental objects or events

Question 2

3 DSM criteria for schizophrenia? (5 specific for criteria 1)

Answer 2

1. at least 2 of the following: delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, disorganized behavior and negative symptoms
2. symptoms are impairing
3. symptoms last 6+ months

Question 3

syndrome associated with shiz? genetic mutation

Answer 3

DiGeorge syndrome. 22q11 deletion

Question 4

wn to use long acting antipsychotic injections?

Answer 4

pt has history of violence of medication noncompliance

Question 5

part of brain causing hyperloactinemia w antipsychotics? origin? projects to?

Answer 5

tubounfundibular
origin - hyopthalamus
projects - pituitary

Question 6

3 structural/functional abnormalities seen in schiz?

Answer 6

1. over-activity of limbic areas
2. under-activity in frontal lobes
3. enlargement of the lateral ventricles

Question 7

wt is Capgras syndrome?
matchbox sign?
Morgellons?

Answer 7

delusion that someone in pts life has been replaced w a clone
matchbox sign - belief stuff is under skin
Morgellons - thread-like fibers under skin

Question 8

5 negative symptoms of schizophrenia?

Answer 8

flattened affect
lost sense of self
avolition (difficulty initiating goals)
poverty of thought
poverty of speech

Question 9

Hw is complement involved in schiz?

Answer 9

C4A expression in brain is correlated

Question 10

Df Psychosis? compare to neurosis

Answer 10

loss of contact w reality
Psychosis - disease of mind
Neurosis - disease of the nervous system

Question 11

are the following poor or positive prognosis factors:
abrupt onset?
negative symptoms?
family history of mood disorders?
lack of mood symptoms?
childhood onset?

Answer 11

abrupt = positive
negative symptoms = poor
family history of mood disorders = positive
lack of mood symptoms = poor
childhood onset = poor

Question 12

onset of schizophrenia?

Answer 12

bimodal - late teens to early 20s and late 40s

Question 13

Wt is CATCH 22

Answer 13

DiGeorge 
Cardiac abnormality
Abnormal facies
Thymic aplasia
Cleft palate
Hyoplaclemia/hyoparathyroidism
22q11

Question 14

3 times to hospitalize schizophrenic pts?

Answer 14

1. violent command hallucinations
2. extreme paranoia
3. significant confusion

Question 15

wt gene is most strongly associated w schizophrenia?

Answer 15

MHC locus on chromosome 6

Question 16

largest contributing symptom to day-to-day dysfunction?

Answer 16

cognitive symptoms

Question 17

part of brain responsible for positive symptoms? origin? wr does it project?

Answer 17

Mesolimbic
origin - VTA
projects - limbic

Question 18

Part of brain causing extrapyramidal symptoms and movement related side effects of antipsychotics? origin? wr does it project

Answer 18

Nigrostriatal
origin - substantia nigra
projects to - corpus striatum

Question 19

Lifetime prevelance of schizophrenia?

Answer 19

1.1%

Question 20

hw can microglia cause schiz?

Answer 20

inappropritate synaptic pruning

Question 21

3 Neurotransmitters altered in schizophrenia? wc is associtedw cognitive deficits?

Answer 21

inc Dopamine

dec. serotonin
dec. glutamate - linked to cognitive deficits

Question 22

wt is the strongest genetic link of schizophrenia (50% risk)?

Answer 22

identical twins

Question 23

df brief psychotic disorder

Answer 23

1 schizo symptom lasting 1 day-1 month

Question 24

4 DSM 5 criteria for schizoaffective disorder?

Answer 24

1. same as 1 for schizophrenia
2. delusions or hallucinations for 2 or more weeks in the absence of major mood episode
3. symptoms are long
4. not attributed to medication or substance

Question 25

df delusional disorder

Answer 25

1 or more delusions w otherwise retained functional behavior

Question 26

wt is the goal of individual therapy for shizo?

Answer 26

supportive therapy:

Question 27

df delusions?

Answer 27

abnormalities of thought content

Question 28

df schizophreniform disorder

Answer 28

schizo criteria lasting less than 6 months

Question 29

part of brain responsible for negative symptoms? origin? wr does it project?

Answer 29

Mesocortical
origin - VTA
projects - prefrontal/frontal areas

Question 30

approach of schizophrenia tx?

Answer 30

recovery oriented