23. Clostridium tetani and botulinum Flashcards
wt should be primary concern when treating C tetani or botulism?
Respiratory
another name for tetanus toxin?
tetanospasmin
wt is Tdap?
vaccine for tetanus, diptheria and pertussis
hw to diagnose tetanus?
clinical observation
most important prevention for C botulism?
proper food preparation
symptoms of botulism?
descending paralysis, always begining in cranial nerves
Hw does botulism toxin cause paralysis?
cleaves SNARE proteins –>prevents ACh release
physiogical MOA of tetanus toxin?
inhibits glycine release
vaccine for C tetani?
wt interferes?
Tetanus toxoid (heat inactivated toxin) Vit. A deficiency interferes
4 ways to kill C tetani spores?
iodine, glutaraldehyde, hydrogen peroxide and autoclaving
5 cardinal features of botulism?
- no fever
- symmetrical neuro symptoms
- pt remains responsive
- HR is normal or slow w no hypotension
- no sensory deficits
3 forms of tetanus?
Generalized - lockjaw/trismus & rhesus sardonicus (inc orbic. oc. tone)
Localized
Cephalic - flaccid cranial nerve palsies
wt would cause flaccid paralysis w tetanus toxin?
infection on face resulting in cephalic tetanus
wt special circumstances should Tdap be given?
people not immunized if in clos contact w children
pregnancy
old people taking care of newborne
2 therapies for C botulism?
Heptavalent botulinum antitoxin (HBAT) for >1 yo
Human botulinum immune globin (BabyBIG) for < 1 yo
