18. Antipsychotics Flashcards
MOA of antipsychotics?
affinity for typicals?
affinity for atypicals?
Competitive block DA and 5-HT receptors
typicals = D2 > 5-HT2
atypicals = 5-HT2 > D2
Dopamine drug effect at: presynaptic short term tx - presynaptic long term tx - postsynaptic short term tx - postsynaptic long term tx -
presynaptic short term tx - activated neurons
presynaptic long term tx - inactivated neurons
postsynaptic short term tx - receptor blockade
postsynaptic long term tx - receptor supersensitivity
antipsycotic that deposits in retina?
thioridazine
drug causing T-wave abnormalities?
Thioridazine
drugs that have lower incidence of extrapyramidal side effects?
Atypicals
Drug with little to no effect on weight gain, lipids and glucose?
Haloperidol
3 drugs w lots of EPS effects?
haloperidol
fluphenazine
thiothixene
antipsycotic used to tx drug induced nausea?
prochorperazine
Receptor causing prolactin effects?
symtoms?
drugs common in?
Dopamine
menstrual probs, libido, mamillary gland swelling
phenothiAZINES
Do positive or negative side symptoms respond better to antipsycotics?
Positive respond well
drug with weight gain but no effect on lipids and glucose?
Risperidone
3 EPS effects?
akathisia (reslessness)
pseudoparkinsonism
Dystonias (facial gimacing)
drug that is a component of neuroleptanesthesia?
Droperidol
4 AEs more common in typicals?
EPS symptoms
Tardive Dyskinesia
Neuroleptic Malignant syndrome
Prolactin
Receptor causing orthostatic hypertention?
Adrenergic (α1A and α2A)
2 drugs that exhibit strong anticholinergic effects? results?
Thioridazine and Chlorpromazine
–> fewer EPS
receptor causing sedation?
Histamine (H1)
Name some positive symptoms?
(something added) Agitaiton Delusions Disorganized speech disorganized thinking hallucinations insomnia
Receptor causing tardive dyskinesia?
drugs causing high incidence?
drug w low incidence?
Dopamine
AE common in typicals
AE low w clozapine
drug to tx tourettes?
haloperidol
Wt causes adverse effects of antipsycotics?
blockade of α1-adrenergic, Histamine H1 and Muscarinic receptors
use for Chlorpromazine? contraindicaiton?
Hiccups
contraindicated in pts w seizures
Receptor causing Neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
drugs common in?
tx?
Dopamine
Common w typicals
stop drug and administer bromocriptine and dantrolene
3 drugs w high potential of weight gain, hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia (T2DM)?
Clozapine, olanzapine, chlorpromazine
drug causing QT prolongation?
Ziprasidone
Atypicals?
-zapines
risperidone
Problems resulting from cholinergic (M1) blockade?
dry mouth, blurred vision, urinary retention, constipaiton.
Drug causing leukopenia and agranulocytosis?
Clozapine
wc antipsycotics can be used as anti-emetics?
all except aripiprazole and thioridazine
atypical that increases salivation?
Clozapine