4 A Flashcards
What is the length of the duodenum, jejunum, and ileum?
Duodenum- 10-12 inches
Jejunum- 8 ft
Ileum- 12 ft
What three things does the duodenum receive?
Stomach contents, pancreatic juices, and bile.
What do paneth cells in the intestinal lumen do?
Secrete the antibacterial enzyme lysozyme and other antibacterial agents.
What are the most common forms of carbohydrates?
Glycogen
Starch
Cellulose
What is the composition of sucrose?
Glucose and Fructose
What is the composition of maltose?
Glucose and glucose
What is the composition of lactose?
Glucose and galactose
What does pancreatic amylase do?
It break polysaccharides into disaccharides and oligosaccharides.
What do the brush border enzymes do?
Break disaccharides into monosaccharides
What is SGLT1?
It is a Na+ dependent cotransporter that transports glucose and galactose via secondary active transport into the intestinal lumen.
Explain how glucose and galactose are transported into the luminal cell?
Via the SGLT1 Transporter the sugars are pumped against their gradient as the Na+ is pumped with it’s gradient.
Fructose is transported through facilitated diffusion via what transporter?
GLUT5
Doesn’t require Na+
How are all monosaccharides transported out of the enterocyte?
Through the GLUT2 transporter through facilitated diffusion
Where does cleaving off amino acids mainly occur?
At the brush border using aminopeptidases and active pancreatic enzymes (proteases)
How are amino acids moved through the intestinal lumen?
Via facilitated diffusion just like Fructose
