1 B Flashcards
What is acute pancreatitis?
When pancreatic juice escape sthe pancreas and/or the duodenum.
What is Peptic Ulcer Disease?
When gastric juices penetrate the gastric mucosal barrier, injuring the gastric wall with its acidic and enzymatic contents.
What is the pathology of a ruptured appendix?
The colon wall tears open, intestinal bacteria escape the abdominal and pelvic cavities causing peritonitis or even death.
WHat are the layers of the GI tract wall working from the inside out?
Mucosa, submucosa, muscularis externa (circular muscle and longitudinal muscle) and the serosa.
What are the two plexuses of the GI tract wall?
The submucosal plexus and the myenteric plexus.
What are two other names for the myenteric plexus?
Intrinsic nerve plexus
Enteric Nervous System
What are the four parts of the GI tract that are stimulated by the Vagus nerve (Parasympathetic Nervous System)?
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Ascending Colon
What nerves stimulate the lower GI tract?
The pelvic nerves (splanchnic, or S2, S3, S4)
What part of the GI tract is innervated by the pelvic nerves (S2, S3, S4)?
The transverse colon, descending colon, sigmoid colon, and the anal canal
The majority of parasympathetic post-ganglionic neurons servicing the GI system are what type of neurons?
Cholinergic, petidergic, (VIP, enkephalins, neuropeptide Y, substance P)
What are the three sympathetic ganglia that serve the GI tract?
Celiac
Superior Mesenteric
Inferior Mesenteric
What are the two fat emulsifiers and which on is the major?
Lecithin and bile salts (major)
