1 A Flashcards
What are the four functions of the GI tract?
Motility, Secretion, Digestion, and Absorption
Name the accessory digestive organs:
Salivary glands, pancreas, and biliary system (liver and gall bladder)
What produces bowel sounds?
The constant low level of contraction in the smooth muscle called tone.
What are the two main functions of tone?
To maintain a constant pressure on the contents of the GI tract
To keep the walls of the GI tract from being permanently stretched following distention
What type of movement does peristalsis produce?
Propulsive- moving food stuffs forward
What type of movement does segmentation produce?
Mixing
What type of movement does tonic contractions produce?
Closing of sphincters and valves
Is peristalsis voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
What is the purpose of segmentation?
Promotion of mechanical digestion
Facilitates absorption by exposing intestinal contents to absorbing surfaces of the GI tract
What causes relaxation of the sphincters?
Reflexes caused by food putting pressure on the sphincter
What are the 6 sphincters of the GI tract?
Upper Esophageal Sphincter Lower Esophageal Sphincter Pyloric Sphincter Illiocecal Sphincter Internal Anal Sphincter External Anal Sphincter
What sphincter regulates the movement of contents from the common bile duct into the duodenum?
Sphincter of Oddi
Where are the two areas of the GI tract that we have voluntary control over?
At the mouth through the early portion of the esophagus (UES)
External anal sphincter
What can cause peritonitis?
A piercing wound of the abdomen
A perforating ulcer
A ruptured appendix
What is ascites?
Accumulation of peritoneal fluid
