3D Metallic bonding

Question 1

what is the propirties of metallic bonding

Answer 1

1. malleability
2. good conductor of electricity
3. good conductor of thermal energy
4. high melting points
5. ductility

Question 2

why do metals have a low ionization energy

Answer 2

because most of them have 2 or 3 electrons on their outer shell

Question 3

the electrical conductivity in a metal increases as the…. and why

Answer 3

electrons in the outer shell increase, this is because the electrical conductivity depends on the presence of the mobile carries of the electric charge (electrons) so more electrons on the outer shell more electrons delocalized in metallic bonding

Question 4

what are delocalized electrons

Answer 4

they are electrons that are free to move around and they are not associated with any single atom or any covalent bond

Question 5

how does a metallic bond form

Answer 5

when metal atoms join together there outter electrons get knocked out forming an electrostatic force between the positive metal ions (cations) and delocalized electrons

Question 6

what is metallic bonding

Answer 6

an electrostatic attraction between the positive metal ions (cations) and delocalized electrons

Question 7

why do metals have high melting points

Answer 7

because there are strong electrostatic forces in between the cations and the delocalized electron, also since the metals form a giant lattice there would be a lot of bonds that require a lot of energy ( thermal energy) to break them

Question 8

what are the factors that affect the melting point

Answer 8

1. the number of delocalized electrons per cation, for example, group 1 has the lowest melting point since it had the lowest delocalized electrons because it only has one electron on its outer shell
2. the higher the charge-to-radius ratio the stronger the electrostatic force

Question 9

why do metals conduct electricity

Answer 9

when a potential difference is applied to ends of the metals the electrons would be attracted to and move towards the positive terminal of the cell, this flow of electrons would contribute in the electrical current where each line of electrons would move one by one

Question 10

what are the two factors that affect the thermal conductivity of a metal

Answer 10

1. on how the free moving delocalized electrons pass kinetic energy along the metal
2. on how closely packed the cations are
3. on how the cations pass kinetic energy from one to the other

Question 11

how is a metal malleable or ductile

Answer 11

it is because when stress is applied to metal the layers of cations of slide over each other, the delocalized electrons that would move with the metal would stop the strong forces of repulsion between one layer of the cations and another

Question 12

what is the difference between malleability and ductility?

Answer 12

Ductility has to do with tensile stress, whereas malleability deals with compressive stress