3B Communication Flashcards
1
Q
Language is Innate
A
Chomsky (1982)
- Language was developed naturally
- > children innately predisposed to learn how to talk & understand native language
-> Universal rules that could distinguish grammatical from ungrammatical sentences
- Surface Structural Rules
- > Grammatical structure of language
- > Language received by a child can be ungrammatical
- > LAD makes sure language output are similar to language surrounding
- Universal Rules
- > Children were predisposed to learn these rules
2
Q
LAD
A
- > Language acquisition device
- > Theoretically a device / organ in brain to help assimilate language and its varying complexities
-> Little attention to social environment.
3
Q
Language is learned
A
-> Children’s language development takes place through parents talking to children
- > Involves participation in shared activities
- > Words and meanings developed into routines regularly undertaken
4
Q
Jerome Bruner (1983)
A
- > Longitudinal Study of 2 boys from 3-24months
- > LASS : Language Acquisition Support System
- > Described how parents guided and supported children’s language through interaction
- > Learn to speak relevant of their social / historical / cultural group
- Child Component
- > Language is innate
- Adult Component
- > Providing necessary social framework to encourage learning of language
5
Q
LASS
A
- involves scaffolding
- > Parent teachers child to use more words in a familar setting
- Involves reference
- > Use non-linguistic / language to direct attention
- > pointing
- > Joint attention: eye contact, pointing
- > Booking reading: Beneficial for language learning
6
Q
Language and Social Skills in Adults
A
- Robinson (2003)
- > 3 ways to regulate and make social relationships
- > shaking hands
- > Terms of address
- > Being polite
7
Q
Shaking Hands
A
-> done when greeting / meeting
- Three Aspects
- > extending arm
- > pressure applied
- > length of time of handshake
suggests:
- > good will
- > trust
- > friendship
8
Q
Forms of Address
A
- T: Informal
- V: formal
- T/V = 1 sends V, and receives T (vice versa)
- > Mutual V = Default
- > TLN = title and Last Name
9
Q
Politeness
A
Basic communication convention
-> sign of good manners
-> Brown and Levinson (1987)
- > 2 kinds of politeness
- —> Negative Face
- —> Positive Face
10
Q
Negative Face
A
- > Request is less imposing
- > e.g. please, would you
11
Q
Positive Face
A
-> When a person wishes to be approved and liked
