3A/B Psychology Others: Relational Influences Flashcards
1
Q
Adolescents
A
- Peers become more important than parents during adolescence
- Does not affect long term relo. b/w them
- Have many peers
- Belong to a small number of groups
2
Q
Diversity in Groups
A
- Dyads
- > Pair of close friends / lovers
- Cliques
- > Small group of friends who interact freely
- Crowds
- > Larger groups of adolescents
- > Similar identities
3
Q
Dexter Dunphy
A
- Identified earlier groups through participant observation
- > Followed up on ppl in various settings
- > Over 6 month period
- Interacted and acted similar to ppl being observed
- Found out social structure and function of adolescents
4
Q
Dexter Dunphy Steps
A
- Stage 1
- > Early adolscents
- > Form cliques
- > Conformity of dress
- > Plan social activities
- > Authority figure as leader
- Stage 2
- > Unisex Cliques interact
- > Eligible for membership of you already belonged to clique
- > Interactions b/w young boys and girls
- > Seen shopping and attending parties
- > Enables social interaction and banter
- Stage 3
- > High ranking clique members from heterosexual cliques starting to date
- Stage 4
- > Fully developed crowd
- > # of couples in close association w/ each other
- Stage 5
- > Couples begin to go separate ways
5
Q
Crowds and Cliques
A
- Provides opportunities to affiliate w/ others who hold similar attitudes
- Social conformity ( similar attitudes, dress, behaviour)
- Can be superficial characters
- > Holds values and beliefs influenced by parents
- Peer groups do not displace parents during adolescence
- > Have different place in their social life of a young person
6
Q
Functions of Adolescent Groups
A
- Barber, Eceles, Stone
- Asked students to identify themselves in the groups:
- > Jocks, princess, brain, basket case, criminal
- Identified themselves in yr 10, this predicted post school life
Study
- > Examined activities the students partook in
- > Predicted substance abuse
- > Predicted outcomes after school
Results
-> Participation in prosocial activities –> lower substance abuse, increase self esteem
- Participation in performing arts -> increase level of alcohol abuse, higher rates of suicide, use of psychological services
- Participation in sports -> positive educational and occupational outcomes
- –> Predicted higher rates of marijuana and alcohol use
7
Q
Functions of Adolescent Groups Cont.
A
- Participation in social activities -> social identity
- Identities developed as a result of crowd membership
- > Reflected in social, education, and occupational outcomes
8
Q
Adolescent Relationship Development
A
- Crowd provides transition from same- sex to opposite sex relationships
- Larger groups allow non-threatening environment for intimate relationships to develop
- Leads to sexual relationship development
- Allows for different forms of intimacy to develop
- -> Adolescent deals w/ social physical and emotional effects
- being accepted into peer groups, making identity and forming sexual relationships is socialisation
