39 IF THEN Flashcards
If you empty it
Fill it up
If you sleep on it
make it up.
If you wear it,
hang it up.
If you drop it,
pick it up.
If you eat out of it,
put it in the sink.
If you step on it,
wipe it off
If you open it,
close it.
If it rings,
answer it.
If it barks or meows,
feed it.
If it cries,
love it.
If it rains
I’ll get wet
If we stay home,
We’ll watch tv
If your friends come to visit,
I’ll give them coke
If I have time,
I will study
If she goes to the market,
She will buy groceries
If you work hard,
You’ll succeed
If they get married,
They will be happy
If I win the lottery
I”ll get a phd
Existen dos cláusulas
Cláusula IF
y
Cláusula RESULTANTE
Cláusula IF
PRESENTE
Cláusula RESULTANTE
PRESENTE O FUTURO
Cláusula IF
SIMPLE PAST
Cláusula RESULTANTE
WOULD + VERB
Cláusula IF
PAST PERFECT (HAD STUDIED)
Cláusula RESULTANTE
WOULD HAVE + VERB
Cláusula RESULTANTE
PRESENTE O FUTURO
Cláusula IF
PRESENTE
Cláusula RESULTANTE
WOULD + VERB
Cláusula IF
SIMPLE PAST
Cláusula RESULTANTE
WOULD HAVE + VERB
Cláusula IF
PAST PERFECT (HAD STUDIED)
(a) If I have enough time, I write to my parents every week.
(b) If I have enough time tomorrow, I will write to my parents.
(c) If I had enough time now, I would write to my parents. (In truth, I do not have enough time, so will not write to them.)
If I had had enough time, I would have written to my parents yesterday (In truth, I did not have enough time, so I did not write to them.)
- You should tell your father exactly what happened. If I (be) XXXXXXX you, I (tell) XXXXXXX him the truth as soon as possible.
WERE
WOULD TELL
- If I (have) XXXXXXX my camera with me yesterday, I (take) XXXXXXX a picture of Alex standing on his head.
HAD HAD
WOULD HAVE TAKEN
- I’m almost ready to plant my garden. I have a lot of seeds. Maybe I have more than I need. If I (have) XXXXXXX more seeds than I need, I (give) XXXXXXX some to my neighbor.
HAD
WOULD GIVE
- George has only two pairs of socks. If he (have) more than two pairs of socks, he (have to, not) XXXXXXX wash his socks so often.
HAD
WOULDN’T HAVE TO
- It’s been a long drought. It hasn’t rained for over a month. If it (rain, not) XXXXXXX soon, a lot of crops (die) XXXXXXX If the crops (die) XXXXXXX, many people (go) XXXXXXX hungry this coming winter.
DOESN’T RAIN
WILL DIE
DIE
WILL GO
- According to one scientific theory, an asteroid collided with the earth millions of years ago, causing great changes in the earth’s climate. Some scientists believe that if this asteroid (collide, not) XXXXXXX with the earth, the dinosaurs (become, not) XXXXXX extinct.
HADN’T COLLIDED
WOULDN’T HAVE BECOME
Can you imagine what the world (be) XXXXXX like today if dinosaurs (exist, still) XXXXXX ? Do you think it (be) XXXXXXX possible for dinosaurs and human beings to coexist on the same planet?
WOULD BE
STILL EXISTED
WOULD BE
The cowboy pulled his gun too late. If he (be) XXXXXX quicker to pull the trigger, the snake (bite, not) XXXXXX him on the foot
HAD BEEN nunca WERE porque la acción es en pasado
WOULDN’T HAVE BITTEN
- I don’t have my watch, so’ I can’t tell you the time.
If I had my watch, I could tell you the time. Aunque el verbo está en pasado, sigue hablando en presente.
De presente se pasó a pasado nunca a pasado perfecto
If I had had my watch I could have told you the time. Es correcta, pero no concuerda con la frase inicial.
She doesn’t live near her job, so she can’t walk to work.
If she lived near the job, she could walk to work
- He doesn’t own any property, so he can’t get a loan from the bank.
If he owned some property, he could get a loan from the bank
- We don’t have their telephone number, so we can’t call them.
If we had their telephone number, we could call them
- I don’t know how to type, so I can’t get a job as a secretary.
I knew how to type, I could get a job as a secretary
l. You’ll find a job if you go to the Ace Employment Company
Cambiar de probabilidad a improbabilidad
You would find a job, if you went to the Ace Employment Company
- He’ll work harder if they give him more money
Cambiar de probabilidad a improbabilidad
He would work harder, if they gave him more money
- Linda will help her brother if she has the time
Cambiar de probabilidad a improbabilidad
She would help her brother, if she had the time
- He’ll understand if you tell him.
Cambiar de probabilidad a improbabilidad
He would understand, if you told him
- She’ll go out with Tony if he asks her
Cambiar de probabilidad a improbabilidad
She would go out with Tony, if he asked her
- They spend a lot of money.
I wish they didn’t spend SO MUCH money
- You drive very fast.
I wish you didn’t drive very fast
- He watches a lot of television.
I wish he didn’t watch SO MUCH TV
- I get tired very easily.
I wish I didn’t get tired SO easily
- She wastes a lot of time.
I wish didn’t waste SO MUCH time
- Barney didn’t find his keys because he didn’t look in the right place.
Barney would have found his keys, if he had looked in the right place.
- Gloria didn’t get to work on time because she missed the bus.
Gloria would have gotten to work on time if she hadn’t missed the bus.
- Sandy didn’t go to the party because she wasn’t invited.
Sandy would have gone to the party if she had been invited.
- Barbara didn’t like the movie because it didn’t have a happy ending.
Barbara WUOLD HAVE LIKED the movie IF it HAD HAD a happy ending.
- Tino didn’t forget to wash the car because Barbara reminded him
Tino WOULD HAVE FORGOTTEN to wash the car IF Barbara HADN’T reminded him
- She didn’t meet Tom because she didn’t go to the party.
She WOULD HAVE MET Tom IF she HAD GONE to the party.
CON IF VAN
PRESENTE
PASADO
HAD
CON IF NUNCA VA
WOULD
WILL
WOULD HAVE
The pilot lost •radio contact and flew off course.
If he hadn’t lost radio contact, he wouldn’t have flown off course.
He made a crash landing and the plane was destroyed.
If he hadn’t made a crash landing, the plane wouldn’t have been destroyed
- She missed the bus and was late to work.
IF She HADN’T missed the bus, SHE WOULDN’T HAVE BEEN late to work.
- It rained and she got wet.
IFit HADN’T rained, she WOULDN’T HAVE GOTTEN wet.
- It fell in the gutter and got lost.
IF it HADN’T FALLEN in the gutter, IT WOULD’N HAVE GOTTEN lost.
- She needed money and asked her brother for a loan.
IF she HADN’T needed money, SHE WOULDN’T HAVE asked her brother for a loan.
- He was a nice guy and gave her the money.
IF he HADN’T BEEN a nice guy, HE WOULDN’T HAVE GIVEN her the money.
- She was grateful and thanked him
IF she HADN’T BEEN grateful, SHE WOULDN’T HAVE thanked him
c Make sentences using
must have
Sam was unhappy because he had lost his watch. Now he is smiling.
He must haye found his watch.
There isn’t any food in the refrigerator. Mabel has just left the house with her shopping bag.
She must have gone to the market
- Jimmy said he wouldn’t watch TV until he had finished his homework. He is watching TV now.
He must have finished his homework
- Barbara and Tino have just finished playing a hard game of tennis. Barbara looks very happy.
Barbara must have won the game
Con la frase resultado,
con la frase complementaria a IF va
will
would
would have
Con la frase resultado,
con la frase complementaria a IF NUNCA va
pasado
had
hadn’t
I don’t have a pen, but if I ,XXXXXXX I would lend it to you.
HAD
TUVIERA
- He is busy right now, but if he XXXXXXX, he would help us.
WEREN’T
NO ESTUVIERA
- I didn’t vote in the last election, but if I XXXXXXX, I would have voted for Senator Anderson.
HAD
SI YO HUVIERA VOTADO
- I don’t have enough money, but if I XXXXXXX I would buy that book.
HAD
TUVIERA
- The weather is cold today, but if it XXXXXXX, I would go swimming.
WEREN’T
She didn’t come, but if she XXXXXXX, she would have met my brother.
HAD
HUBIERA
NO ES NECESARIO HAD GONE
- I’m not a good cook, but if I XXXXXXX, I would make all of my own meals.
WERE
- I have to go to class this afternoon, but if I XXXXXXX, I would go downtown with you.
DIDN’T
NO TUVIERA (NO CONFUNDIR CON NO HUBIERA)
NO ES NECESARIO DIDN’T HAVE
- He didn’t go to a doctor, but if he XXXXXXX the cut on his hand wouldn’t have gotten infected.
HAD
HUBIERA
NO ES NECESARIO HAD GONE
DE PASADO A PASADO PERFECTO
- I always pay my bills. If I XXXXXXX, I would get in a lot of trouble.
DIDN’T
NO PAGARA
NO ES NECESARIO DIDN’T PAY
- Helium is lighter than air. If it XXXXXXX a helium-filled balloon wouldn’t float upward.
WEREN’T
DE PRESENTE A PASADO
- I called my husband to tell him I would be late. If I XXXXXXX he would have gotten worried about me.
HADN’T
DE PASADO PASA A PASADO PERFECTO
HADN’T CALLED
- Do you live in a hotel?
No, but if I did, I would be happy
- Are you the teacher of this class?
No, but if I were, I would teach better
- Do you have your own airplane?
No, but if I did, I would fly
- Did you watch TV last night?
No, but if I had, I would have watched CNN
- Did you grow up in (another country) ?
No, but if I had, I would have grown in Colombia
- Bob left his wallet at home this morning, and NOW he doesn’t have any money for lunch.
If Bob XXXXXXX his wallet at home this morning, he XXXXXXX some money for lunch now.
HADN’T LEFT
WOULD HAVE. La regla dice que es would have + participio, pero como es para ahora, presente no es usa el participio.
- Carol didn’t answer the phone because she was studying.
Carol XXXXXXX the phone if she XXXXXXX
WOULD HAVE ANSWERED
HADN’T BEEN STUDYING
- Barry stops to shake everyone’s hand because he’s running for political office.
Barry XXXXXXX to shake everyone’s hand if he XXXXXXX for political-office.
WOULDN’T STOP
WEREN’T RUNNING
IF HAD ….. THEN WOULD HAVE VERBO PARTICIPIO
EXCEPTO
QUE LA ÚLTIMA ACCIÓN (THEN) SEA TIEMPO PRESENTE. Expresa claramente con Now o algo similar.
WOULD + VERBO EN SIMPLE FORM
I didn’t eat lunch and NOW I’m hungry.
If I had eaten lunch, I wouldn’t ?????
I wouldn’t be hungry NOW
Como lleva NOW, no lleva participio. Excepción
- Gary carried heavy furniture when he helped Ann move. His back hurts NOW.
If Gary hadn’t carried heavy furniture when he helped Ann move, his back wouldn’t HURT NOW
Como va now, no va tiempo perfecto
- Paul is working on two jobs right NOW, so he doesn’t have time to help you with your remodeling.
If Paul weren’t working on two jobs NOW, he would HAVE time to help you with your remodeling
HAVE es de tener nunca de haber en este caso
- I wasn’t working at the restaurant last night. I didn’t wait on your table.
If I had been working a the restaurant last night, I would HAVE WAITED on your table
Normal, porque no hay NOW por ninguna parte
- They weren’t paying attention, so they didn’t see the sign marking their exit from the highway.
If they had been paying attention, they would have seen the sign marking their exit from the highway
- The doctor doesn’t really care about his patients. He didn’t explain the medical procedure to me BEFORE surgery
If the doctor cared about his patients, he would HAVE explained the medical procedure BEFORE surgery
WOULD HAVE hubiera hecho algo en el pasado
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