05 COUNT AND NONCOUNT NOUNS Flashcards
WHOLE GROUPS MADE UP OF SIMILAR ITEMS
baggage, clothing, equipment, food, FRUIT, furniture, garbage, hardware, jewelry, junk, machinery, mail, makeup, maney/cash/change, postage, scenery, traffic
FLUIDS
water, coffee, tea, milk, oil, soup, gasoline, blood, etc
SOLIDS
ice, bread, butter, cheese, meat, gold, iron, silver, glass, paper, wood, cotton, wool, etc.
GASES
steam, ctr, oxygen, nitrogen, smoke, smog, pollution, etc
PARTICLES
rice, chalk, corn, dirt, dust, flour, grass, hair, pepper, salt, sand, sugar, wheat, etc.
ABSTRACTIONS 1
beauty; confidence, courage, education, enjoyment, fun, happiness, health, help, honesty, hospitality, importance, intelligence, justice, knowledge, laughter, luck, music, patience, peace, pride, progress, recreation, significance, sleep, ruth, violence, wealth, etc
ABSTRACTIONS 2
advice, information, news, evidence, proof
ABSTRACTIONS 3
—time, space, enero
—homework, work
—grammar, slang, vocabulary
LANGUAGES:
Arabic, Chinese, English, Spanish, etc
FIELDS OF STUDY:
chemistry, engineering, history, literature, mathematics, psychology, etc.
RECREATION:
baseball, soccer, tennis, chess, bridge, poker, etc.
GENERAL ACTIVITIES:
driving, studying, swimming, traveling, walking (and other gerunds)
NATURAL PHENOMENA:
weather, dew, fog, hail, heat, humidity, lightning, rein, sleet, snow, thTtnder, wind, darkness, light, sunshine, electricity, fire, graotty
one
each
every
one apple
each apple
every apple
two both a couple of three, etc. a few several many a number of
one apple each apple every apple two apples both apples a couple of apples three apples a few apples several apples many apples a number of apples
a little
much
a great deal of
a little rice
much rice
a great deal ofrice.
not any/no some a lot of lots of plenty of most all
SIRVEN PARA JUNTAS
CONTABLE Y NO CONTABLES
not any/no some a lot of lots of plenty of most all
not any/no apples some apples a lot of apples lots of apples plenty of apples most apples all apples
not any/no some a lot of lots of plenty of most all
not any/no rice some rice a lot of rice lots of rice plenty of rice most rice all rice
COMPLETE Y AGREGUE “S” SI ES NECESARIO
I have some coins in my pocket. In other words, I have some XXXXXXX in my pocket
advice change garbage hardware
CHANGE (NO CONTABLE, NO SE LE PUEDE AGREGAR “S”)
Thé Mississippi, the Amazon, and the Nile are well-known XXXXXXX
music progress river screwdriver
RIVERS (ES CONTABLE, LE AGREGUÉ “S”)
I like to listen to operas, symphonies, and folk songs. I enjoy XXXXXXX
music progress river screwdriver
MUSIC
The street is full of cars, trucks, and buses. It is full of XXXXXXX
stuff thunder traffic
TRAFFIC
- I put some banana peels, empty juice cartons, and broken bottles in the waste can. The can is full of XXXXXXX
advice change garbage hardware
GARBAGE
They have a rusty car without an engine, broken chairs, and an old refrigerator in their front yard. Their yard is full of XXXXXXX
homework information junk luggage/baggage garbage
JUNK
Paul has books, pens, papers, notebooks, a clock, scissors, a tape recorder, and some other things on his desk. He has a lot of XXXXXXX on his desk
stuff homework information junk garbage
STUFF
As a noncount noun, stuff usually means “a group of various things.” It is an inexact term used primarily in verv informal spoken English. (Junk sometimes has the same meaning.)
Examples: I keep a lot of stuff in my desk drawers. Look at all the stuff in this room
Ann took three suitcases, a shoulder bag, and a cosmetics case. In other words, she took a lot of XXXXXXX on her trip.
homework information junk luggage/baggage garbage
LUGGAGE / BAGGAGE
LUGGAGE is more sofisticated than BAGGAGE
Toronto is 365 ft./ 109 m. above sea level. The average annual precipitation in Toronto is 32 in./81 cm. The population of the metropolitan area is over 3,000,000. I found (this, these) XXXXXXX in the encyclopedia
homework information junk luggage/baggage garbage
INFORMATION
I didn’t feel good. Ann said, “You should see a doctor.” Nick said, “You should go home and go to bed.” Martha said, “You should drink fruit juice and rest.” I got XXXXXXXX from three people.
advice change garbage hardware
ADVICE
My English is slowly getting better. My vocabularv is increasing. It’s getting easier for me to write, and I make fewer mistakes. I can often understand people even when they talk fast. I’m satisfied with theXXXXXXX I’ve made in learning English
advice change garbage hardware progress
PROGRESS
Add final -s/-es to the nouns in italics if necessary
Isabel always has fresh EGG available because she raises CHICKEN in her yard
EGGS; CHICKENS; YARD
I had CHICKEN and RICE for dinner last night.
NO CHANGES
Outside my window, I can see a lot of TREE, BUSH, GRASS, DIRT, and FLOWER
TREES, BUSHES
GRASS
DIRT
FLOWERS
Abdullah gave me some good ADVICE. Nadia also gave me some good SUGGESTION
ADVICE; SUGGESTIONS
Yoko learned several new• WORD today. She increased her •VOCABULARY today
WORDS: VOCABULARY
I drank two GLASS of water
GLASSES; WATER
WINDOW are made of GLASS
WINDOWS: GLASS
Mr. Chu wears GLASS because he has poor EYESIGHT
GLASSES; EYESIGHT
It took me a lot of time to finish my HOMEWORK. I had a lot of ASSIGNMENT
HOMEWORK
ASSIGNMENTS
I have been in Mexico three TIME. I’ve spent a lot of TIME there
TIMES
TIME
There are TYPEWRITER, COPIER, TELEPHONE, AND STAPLER in a typical business office. A business office needs a lot of EQUIPMENT
TYPEWRITERS COPIERS TELEPHONES STAPLERS EQUIPMENT
The air is full of SMOKE, DUST, CARBON MONOXIDE, and many other harmful SUBSTANCE. We must seek to reduce air POLLUTION
SMOKE DUST CARBON MONOXIDE SUBSTANCES POLLUTION
I like to read good LITERATURE. I especially like to read NOVEL, POETRY, AND ESSAY. My favorite POET are Longfellow and Wordsworth. I have always liked their POEM
LITERATURE NOVELS POETRY ESSAYS POETS POEMS
I like to experience different SEASON. I like both hot and cold WEATHER
SEASONS
WEATHER
Being a parent has brought me a lot of HAPPINESS. Parenting requires a lot of PATIENCE, but it provides many REWARD
HAPPINESS
PATIENCE
REWARDS
You can find a lot of time-saving MACHINE in a modern FACTORY. Modern FACTORY need MODERN MACHINERY
MACHINES FACTORY FACTORIES MODERN MACHINERY
Experienced TRAVELER learn to travel with minimal LUGGAGE. My globe-trotting aunt can pack everything she needs into two small SUITCASE, whether her trip will last for three DAY or three MONTH
TRAVELERS LUGGAGE SUITCASES DAYS MONTHS
I’m not an experienced traveler. When I travel, I invariably take along too much STUFF. Last month I took a THREE-DAY trip to Chicago with twice as many clothes as I needed
STUFF
THREE-DAY
Recycling is important. Regular GARBAGE will typically contain many things that can be recycled: MAGAZINE, ENVELOPE, CARDBOARD BOX, OLD PHONE BOOK, GLASS BOTTLE, JAR, COPPER, BRASS, TIN CAN, etc
GARBAGE MAGAZINES ENVELOPES CARDBOARD BOXE OLD PHONE BOOKS GLASS BOTTLES JARS COPPER BRASS TIN CANS
ETC. //
/ETCIRERA/
There are more STAR in the universe than there are GRAIN of SAND on all the beaches on earth
STARS
GRAINS
SAND
Change the underlined nouns to their plural forms if necessary.
A town mouse and a country mouse were FRIEND, so the country mouse invited his FRIEND to his home in the field
FRIENDS
FRIEND
The town mouse came, and they sat down to a dinner of ROOT and VEGETABLE. The town mouse was not impressed by this DINNER.
ROOTS
VEGETABLES
DINNER
He said, “You live no better than the ANT and other INSECT here. You must come and see all the THING you can eat at my house.”
ANTS
INSECTS
THINGS
The town mouse then took the country mouse back to town with him. The town mouse showed the country mouse the kitchen full of COOKIE, APPLE, ROLL, AND OTHER FOOD.
COOKIES
APPLES
ROLLS
AND OTHER FOOD.
They were just about to eat when two CHILD came running into the kitchen and scared the two MOUSE away.
CHILDREN
MICE
They hid and waited for these KID to leave. They tried to eat again, but this time they were scared away by a WOMAN working in the kitchen.
KIDS
WOMAN
Finally, the country mouse said, “You may have many LUXURY here, but I prefer my home where I can have a simple dinner in peace!”
LUXURIES
I read a few NOVEL
NOVELS
I read a few LITERATURE
LITERATURE
I read a few POEM
POEMS
I read a few POETRY
POETRY
I bought some ORANGE JUICE
ORANGE JUICE
I bought some LIGHT BULB
LIGHT BULBS
I bought some HARDWARE
HARDWARE
I bought some COMPUTER SOFTWARE
COMPUTER SOFTWARE
We need plenty of SLEEP
SLEEP
We need plenty of INFORMATION
INFORMATION
We need plenty of FACT
FACTS
We need plenty of HELP
HELP
I saw both WOMAN
WOMEN
I saw both MOVIE
MOVIES
I saw both SCENE
SCENES
I saw both SCENERY
EL PAISAJE. NO SE PUEDE CONTAR
He has a number of SHIRT
SHIRTS
He has a number of HOMEWORK
IMPOSIBLE
A LOT OF HOMEWORK
He has a number of PEN
PENS
He has a number of CHALK
IMPOSIBLE, TIZA ES NO CONTABLE
SERÍA
A LOT OF CHALK
I don’t have a great deal of PATIENCE
PATIENCE
I don’t have a great deal of WEALTH
WEALTH
I don’t have a great deal of FRIEND
FRIENDS
I don’t have a great deal of PENCIL
PENCILS
I need a little LUCK
LUCK
I need a little MONEY
MONEY
I need a little ADVICE
ADVICE
I need a little NEW HAT
NO SE PUEDE
The author has many IDEA
IDEAS
The author has many THEORY
THEORIES
The author has many HYPOTESIS
HYPOTESIS
The author has many KNOWLEDGE
MUCH KNOWLEDGE
SCENARY = LANDSCAPE
FLORIDA SCENERY IS FLAT