3.8 Environmentally-induced Pulm diseases Flashcards
What type of lung pathology is most common among inorganic dusts?
different forms of Fibrosis
Which occupations pose a high risk for Beryllium exposure?
high-tech electronics industry
Which occupation poses a high risk for acute environmental exposure/health burdens?
Fire-fighting
What asthma-like disease is the result of chronic cotton dust exposure?
Byssinosis
Are Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen dioxide a hazard in the form they are most often present as in the environment?
No. They are a hazard only when exposed to high heat or UV and they react to become other species such as sulfuric acid
What are some lung defenses against aerosols?
Mucus and serous secretions, airway turns, mucociliary elevator, macrophages, lymphatic removal, swallowing
What region and effect do large particles greater than 5um have?
Impaction in nasopharynx
Name a few common Indoor air polutants
2nd hand smoke, cleaners, perfumes, pesticides, oxides from gas appliances, bioaerosols
What 3 diseases are most likely the result of indoor air pollution in a global health context?
LRTI, COPD, Lung carcinomas
What is the result of O2 toxicity?
damage to endothelial cells and can lead to edema
What area of the lung, the base or apex, has the greatest contribution to the overall PaO2?
The base because this is where there’s greatest blood flow and the lowest V/Q
Where in the lung is pH the highest, and why?
pH is the highest at the apex of the lung because CO2 is lowest there. This area gets high ventilation so O2 is high and the V/Q ratio is large.
