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WSET 3 by Sarp Sarac > 36. Chile > Flashcards

36. Chile Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the climate of Chile?

A

Warm Mediterranean

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2
Q

Why are fungal diseases rare in Chile?

A

Because of the dry, sunny growing season

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3
Q

Name the weather patterns that can affect the wine regions in Chile?

A
  • El Nino: Rainfall levels can dramatically increase

- El Nina: Drought may occur

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4
Q

What are the geographical factors that moderates the weather in Chile?

A
  • The cold Humboldt Current from Antarctica
  • Fog in areas close to coast
  • Cold air descending from Andes Mountains
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5
Q

What is the most widely planted grape variety in Chile?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon

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6
Q

What is Chile’s signature grape variety?

A

Carmenere

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7
Q

What are the characteristics of Chile’s Cabernet Sauvignon?

A

Very ripe black fruit aromas and flavours, often with a herbaceous character

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8
Q

What style of Merlot is very successful on export markets in Chile?

A

Inexpensive, medium-bodied and fruity Merlots

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of Chile’s Carmenere?

A
  • Full-bodied
  • High tannins
  • Can have overtly herbaceous character when not fully ripe
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10
Q

Compare the Shiraz produced in Elqui Valley and Colchagua Valley

A
  • Elqui Valley: Cooler. Lighter in body with peppery notes

- Colchagua Valley: Hot. Great intensity of black fruit flavours and fuller body

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11
Q

Pinot Noir is grown in which areas of Chile?

A

Cooler areas like San Antonio and Casablanca Valleys

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12
Q

Name the two most widely planted white grapes in Chile?

A
  • Sauvignon Blanc

- Chardonnay

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13
Q

Sauvignon Blanc is grown in which areas of Chile?

A

Cooler areas like San Antonio and Casablanca Valleys

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14
Q

Tasting notes of Chilean Sauvignon Blanc

A
  • High acidity
  • Intense fruity flavours
  • Ripe apple, citrus and tropical flavours
  • Sometimes herbal notes
  • Oak and lees stirring is sometime used
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15
Q

What style of Chardonnays are produced in Chile?

A

Modern international style with ripe fruit and oak flavours

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16
Q

What is the third most widely planted white grape variety in Chile? What is it used for?

A
  • Muscat

- Production of grape brandy Pisco

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17
Q

Name the regions and their important subregions in Chile from north to south

A 
Coquimbo Region
 - Elqui Valley
 - Limari Valley
Aconcagua Region
 - Aconcagua Valley
 - Casablanca Valley
 - San Antonio Valley
Central Valley
 - Maipo Valley
 - Cachapoal Valley
 - Colchagua Valley
 - Curico Valley
 - Maule Valley
Southern Region
 - Itata Valley
 - Bio Bio Valley
18
Q

What is the biggest challenge in Coquimbo region?

A

Lack of water

19
Q

Elqui region has a reputation for producing wines from which grapes?

A
  • Sauvignon Blanc

- Syrah

20
Q

The best Chardonnays come from which region of Chile?

A

Limari Valley

21
Q

Aconcagua Valley is famous for production of which grape varieties? Why?

A
  • Cabernet Sauvignon (dominant), Syrah, Carmenere
  • Because the valley floor between the coastal mountain range and Andes offer some of the warmest growing conditions in Chile
22
Q

What is the new trend in winemaking in Aconcagua Valley?

A

Reducing the alcohol levels so plantings are less focused on the fertile valley floor and spread towards the slopes

23
Q

What is the difference between the location of Aconcagua Valley and Casablanca and San Antonio Valleys

A
  • Aconcagua Valley lies between coastal mountain range and Andes
  • Casablanca and San Antonio Valleys lie between coastal mountains and Pacific
24
Q

What are the factors that moderate the climate in Casablanca and San Antonio Valleys?

A

Morning fog and afternoon winds that blow in off the ocean cools the vineyard sites

25
Q

Which sub-zone of San Antonio Valley has the greatest reputation for Sauvignon Blanc?

A

Leyda Valley

26
Q

What is the most planted black grape variety in Casablanca and San Antonio Valleys?

A

Pinot Noir

27
Q

The majority of Chilean vineyards are located in which region?

A

Central Valley region

28
Q

In Central Valley region of Chile, the production is focused on what types of wines

A

Inexpensive fruity wines from Merlot and Chardonnay

29
Q

Where are most of the premium sites located in Maipo region?

A

In the foothills of Andes, cooled by the descending air

30
Q

Maipo Valley has a reputation for which grape?

A

Cabernet Sauvignon (minty character)

31
Q

Which grapes dominate in the valley floor and in the eastern end of the Cachapoal Valley?

A
  • Valley floor: Carmenere

- Eastern end of valley: (Cooler) Cabernet Sauvignon, Syrah

32
Q

Which grapes dominate in the Colchagua Valley?

A

Full bodied reds:

  • Cabernet Sauvignon
  • Syrah
  • Carmenere
33
Q

What kind of wines are produced in the west part of Colchagua valley? Why?

A
  • High quality white wines

- Because of greater cooling Pacific influence

34
Q

Generally what style of wines are produced in Curico and Maule Valleys?

A

Inexpensive blended red and white wines

35
Q

From which grape variety, are full-bodied, intensely concentrated wines produced from ancient low-yielding bush vines in Curico and Maule Valleys?

A

Carignan

36
Q

How is the climate in southern region?

A

Noticeably cooler and wetter

37
Q

Which grapes dominate in the Itata and Bio Bio Valleys?

A
  • Pais

- Muscat of Alexandria

38
Q

Which grapes are now being popularized in Bio Bio Valley?

A
  • Pinot Noir
  • Chardonnay
  • Aromatic varieties
39
Q

What is the most southerly sub-region of Southern Region in Chile? Which grapes are grown?

A
  • Malleco

- Chardonnay and Pinot Noir

40
Q

The new classification (2012) of wine regions in Chile depend on which criteria?

A

The distance of the vineyards from the coast

41
Q

How are the wines labelled according to the new 2012 classification?

A
  • Costa : For coastal areas
  • Entre Cordilleras: Areas between mountain ranges
  • Andes: Mountain area
42
Q

Are there strict criteria for the labelling terms “ Reserva”, “Reserva Especial”, “Reserve Privado” and “Gran Reserva”?

A

No, they are loosely defined. Can be useful to estimate the quality levels within a producer’s portfolio of wines

WSET 3 by Sarp Sarac (36 decks)

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