36 - burns, 37 - itch Flashcards
4 degrees of burns
1st degree: superficial. Epidermis, red without blistering. Pain.
2nd degree: partial thickness. Redness or white/yellow. Painful
3rd degree: full thickness. Throughout dermis Black with eschar. Painless.
4th degree: extends into fat and underlying bone. Painless
Mx of burns
Irrigate burn with cool water. Cover with cling film or special dressing.
Offer pain relief and fluid replacement.
Rule of 9s
May require graft or amputation
Be aware of inhalation injuries and CO poisoning.
What is the rule of 9s with burns
different areas covered are 9%
eg 1 leg, 2 arms, chest, abdo….
Mx of eczema
emollients
Topical hydrocortisone for flare ups, consider for maintenance
What is contact dermatitis
Skin inflammation, subtype of eczema. Provoked by exposure to allergens or irritants. Typically takes 48 hours to develop.
Mx of contact dermatitis
Oral antihistamines and corticosteroids.
Calamine lotion for itching, cold compresses.
Obviously avoid exposure.
What is psoriasis pathology
Autoimmune skin disease attacking keratinocytes. The increased turnover further fuels the reaction. Rapid growth of epidermis
psoriasis worsen with which drugs
b blockers
NSAIDS
Associations with psoriasis
arthritis
IBD
mx of psoriasis
emollients, vitamin D and topical corticosteroid.
If oral corticosteroids are of little effect then move onto DMARDs and biologics.
What is dermatophytosis also called? what is it?
ringworm. The condition of having a fungal infection of the skin.
Typically Microsporum or Trichophyton.
Rfs for ringworm
pets
contact sports
obesity
poor immune function
mx of dermatophytosis
Topical antifungals - clotrimazole / miconazole
mx of insect bites
Antihistamine and NSAIDs.
Oral flucloxacillin if infected. Macrolide if allergic.
Remove ticks asap.
What is scabies ? cause? usual locations?
Skin infestation by scabies mite. Severe itchiness and pimple like rash typically around wrists and between the webs of the fingers.
