3.2.4 Sociocultural Evaluation (Sch) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the 3 aspects of the evaluation?

A

Mechanisms underlying urbanicity
Social isolation research support
Cause or effect

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2
Q

(Mechanisms) general health is normally considered better where?

A

Urban areas compared to rural

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3
Q

(Mechanisms) why might public health generally be better in urban areas?

A

Exposure to public health campaigns

Access to health care services

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4
Q

(Mechanisms) if general health is better in urban areas what question is raised?

A

Why are schizophrenia rates higher

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5
Q

(Mechanisms) McKenzie suggested higher levels do what are found in urban areas? What does this do?

A

Social capital

Might protect against stress

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6
Q

(Mechanisms) what is social capital?

A

Who you know - social life allowing us to deal effectively with others

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7
Q

(Mechanisms) it is unclear exactly how what works?

A

The mechanism underlying urbanicity

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8
Q

(Mechanisms) what may lead to schizophrenia?

A

Single factor e.g. Stress

Or a complex interplay of factors

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9
Q

(Social isolation support) research evidence provides support for what?

A

The theory of social isolation

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10
Q

(Social isolation support) jones conducted a longitudinal study on who? What did they have in common?

A

5362 participants

All born a specific week in march 1946

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11
Q

(Social isolation support) what is a strength of Jones sample?

A

Large and representative

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12
Q

(Social isolation support) jones - how was childhood data gathered?

A

Prospectively

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13
Q

(Social isolation support) Jones - between ages of 16-43 how many cases of schizophrenia were diagnosed?

A

30

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14
Q

(Social isolation support) Jones - the individuals diagnosed were more likely to show what at age 4-6?

A

Solitary play preferences

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15
Q

(Social isolation support) Jones - individuals diagnosed were more likely to do what at age 13?

A

Rate themselves as less socially confident

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16
Q

(Social isolation support) Jones research suggests what about the social isolation theory?

A

That it is correct

17
Q

(Cause or effect) urbanicity - the theory says what causes schizophrenia?

A

Living in an urban area

18
Q

(Cause or effect) urbanicity - the social drift hypothesis says schizophrenia does what?

A

Reduces job opportunities
Reduces interaction
Decline in socioeconomic status

19
Q

(Cause or effect) urbanicity - social drift hypothesis with a decline in socioeconomic status what may you have to do?

A

More to cheaper areas to live which tend to be urban areas

20
Q

(Cause or effect) urbanicity - the social drift hypothesis suggests what?

A

That it’s schizophrenia that leads to living in urban areas

21
Q

(Cause or effect) urbanicity - Peterson and Mortensen reported individuals at high risk of schizophrenia reduced risk by doing what?

A

Moving to more rural areas

22
Q

(Cause or effect) urbanicity - what does Pederson and Mortensens research suggest?

A

Living in urban areas leads to schizophrenia

23
Q

(Cause or effect) social isolation - what does much research support?

A

Role of social isolation in schizophrenia

24
Q

(Cause or effect) social isolation - Os claimed who were at greater risk of schizophrenia?

A

Single people living in neighbourhoods with few other single people

25
Q

(Cause or effect) social isolation - Os research suggest social isolation is what?

A

A valid explanation for a cause of schizophrenia

26
Q

(Cause or effect) social isolation - rather than being a cause what might isolation be?

A

Early symptom of schizophrenia

27
Q

(Cause or effect) social isolation - Jones prospective study suggests what?

A

Social isolation causes schizophrenia

28
Q

(Cause or effect) ethnicity - what is not clear?

A

Exactly what it is about ethnicity that can put a person at higher risk of schizophrenia

29
Q

(Cause or effect) ethnicity - some think ethnic minorities are what of psychiatrists?

A

Suspicious and mistrustful

Due to past negative experiences with authority

30
Q

(Cause or effect) ethnicity - psychiatrists may interpret this behaviour as what?

A

Paranoid schizophrenia

31
Q

(Cause or effect) ethnicity - Boydell note incidence rates of schizophrenia in minority groups increased when?

A

When the proportion of ethnic minorities in the locality fell

32
Q

(Cause or effect) ethnicity - boydells research suggest social experience of isolation contributed to what?

A

The development of schizophrenia

33
Q

(Cause or effect) ethnicity - it is unlikely we will be able to asses the impact of ethnicity and discrimination until when?

A

We live in a society free of prejudice and bigotry

34
Q

(Cause or effect) social class - the theory suggests what?

A

Low class leads to schizophrenia

35
Q

(Cause or effect) social class - it is more likely schizophrenia leads to what?

A

Falling down the social ladder

36
Q

Conclusion - what would be a more comprehensive way to look at schizophrenia?

A

Diathesis stress model e.g. Genetics, other factors such as schizophrenogenic mother and sociocultural factors contribute