3.2.4 Sociocultural Evaluation (Sch) Flashcards
What are the 3 aspects of the evaluation?
Mechanisms underlying urbanicity
Social isolation research support
Cause or effect
(Mechanisms) general health is normally considered better where?
Urban areas compared to rural
(Mechanisms) why might public health generally be better in urban areas?
Exposure to public health campaigns
Access to health care services
(Mechanisms) if general health is better in urban areas what question is raised?
Why are schizophrenia rates higher
(Mechanisms) McKenzie suggested higher levels do what are found in urban areas? What does this do?
Social capital
Might protect against stress
(Mechanisms) what is social capital?
Who you know - social life allowing us to deal effectively with others
(Mechanisms) it is unclear exactly how what works?
The mechanism underlying urbanicity
(Mechanisms) what may lead to schizophrenia?
Single factor e.g. Stress
Or a complex interplay of factors
(Social isolation support) research evidence provides support for what?
The theory of social isolation
(Social isolation support) jones conducted a longitudinal study on who? What did they have in common?
5362 participants
All born a specific week in march 1946
(Social isolation support) what is a strength of Jones sample?
Large and representative
(Social isolation support) jones - how was childhood data gathered?
Prospectively
(Social isolation support) Jones - between ages of 16-43 how many cases of schizophrenia were diagnosed?
30
(Social isolation support) Jones - the individuals diagnosed were more likely to show what at age 4-6?
Solitary play preferences
(Social isolation support) Jones - individuals diagnosed were more likely to do what at age 13?
Rate themselves as less socially confident
(Social isolation support) Jones research suggests what about the social isolation theory?
That it is correct
(Cause or effect) urbanicity - the theory says what causes schizophrenia?
Living in an urban area
(Cause or effect) urbanicity - the social drift hypothesis says schizophrenia does what?
Reduces job opportunities
Reduces interaction
Decline in socioeconomic status
(Cause or effect) urbanicity - social drift hypothesis with a decline in socioeconomic status what may you have to do?
More to cheaper areas to live which tend to be urban areas
(Cause or effect) urbanicity - the social drift hypothesis suggests what?
That it’s schizophrenia that leads to living in urban areas
(Cause or effect) urbanicity - Peterson and Mortensen reported individuals at high risk of schizophrenia reduced risk by doing what?
Moving to more rural areas
(Cause or effect) urbanicity - what does Pederson and Mortensens research suggest?
Living in urban areas leads to schizophrenia
(Cause or effect) social isolation - what does much research support?
Role of social isolation in schizophrenia
(Cause or effect) social isolation - Os claimed who were at greater risk of schizophrenia?
Single people living in neighbourhoods with few other single people
(Cause or effect) social isolation - Os research suggest social isolation is what?
A valid explanation for a cause of schizophrenia
(Cause or effect) social isolation - rather than being a cause what might isolation be?
Early symptom of schizophrenia
(Cause or effect) social isolation - Jones prospective study suggests what?
Social isolation causes schizophrenia
(Cause or effect) ethnicity - what is not clear?
Exactly what it is about ethnicity that can put a person at higher risk of schizophrenia
(Cause or effect) ethnicity - some think ethnic minorities are what of psychiatrists?
Suspicious and mistrustful
Due to past negative experiences with authority
(Cause or effect) ethnicity - psychiatrists may interpret this behaviour as what?
Paranoid schizophrenia
(Cause or effect) ethnicity - Boydell note incidence rates of schizophrenia in minority groups increased when?
When the proportion of ethnic minorities in the locality fell
(Cause or effect) ethnicity - boydells research suggest social experience of isolation contributed to what?
The development of schizophrenia
(Cause or effect) ethnicity - it is unlikely we will be able to asses the impact of ethnicity and discrimination until when?
We live in a society free of prejudice and bigotry
(Cause or effect) social class - the theory suggests what?
Low class leads to schizophrenia
(Cause or effect) social class - it is more likely schizophrenia leads to what?
Falling down the social ladder
Conclusion - what would be a more comprehensive way to look at schizophrenia?
Diathesis stress model e.g. Genetics, other factors such as schizophrenogenic mother and sociocultural factors contribute
