3.1.5 Agonist & Antagonist substitution (Add) Flashcards

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1
Q

these drugs are mainly given to addicts with what type of addictions?

A

chemical addictions e.g. heroin, alcohol

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2
Q

why do bio-psychologists advocate the use of drug treatments?

A

all that is psychological including addiction is first biological
medical model - treat behaviours biologically

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3
Q

what is an agonist?

A

a chemical binding to a postsynaptic receptor that activates the receptor to produce a response imitating the action of another substance e.g.heroin

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4
Q

what is methaone?

A

painkiller and heroin substitute used in treating heroin addiction (agonist)

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5
Q

(agonist) methadone has similar effects to heroin without what?

A

the buzz/high

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6
Q

(agonist) methadone is an opiate, opiates are sedatives, what do they do?

A

depress the nervous system
slow down body functioning
reduce pain

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7
Q

(agonist) what happens to the dose of methadone the patient is given over time? and why?

A

reduced over time

so the patient can give up their addiction without withdrawal symptoms

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8
Q

(agonist) what are some side effects of methadone?

A
reduced pain (physical and psychological)
feelings of warmth
overdose - coma
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9
Q

(agonist) what does the use of methadone allow people to tackle?

A

their addiction and stabilise their life

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10
Q

(agonist) methadone is less severe than what?

A

completely removing heroin

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11
Q

(agonist) methadone is aimed at what?

A

preventing withdrawal symptoms from stopping heroin

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12
Q

(agonist) what does NICE recommend the initial dose of methadone to be?

A

10-40mg

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13
Q

(agonist) NICE say dose of methadone can be increased by 10mg per day until what?

A

no withdrawal signs or intoxication visible

maintenance dose of 60-120mg reached

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14
Q

(agonist) NICE - in what ways can methadone be administered?

A

drunk as a green liquid

if necessary available in injection and tablet form

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15
Q

(agonist) medical professionals see the methadone patient each day for how long and in what sort of setting?

A

3 months

out patient setting

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16
Q

(agonist) why is supervision by medical professionals required of the methadone patient?

A

to ensure they don’t overdose and are complying with their treatment

17
Q

(agonist) it is recommended that methadone treatment is given alongside what and why?

A

other psychological support e.g. counselling
may make the patient feel more supported and willing to comply with treatment and addresses the root cause of the addiction

18
Q

what is an antagonist?

A

a chemical that binds to a receptor blocking the usual function of a particular substance - doesn’t cause a reaction

19
Q

what type of drug is naltrexone?

A

antagonist

20
Q

(antagonist) who is naltrexone given to?

A

those with opiod & alcohol addictions

21
Q

(antagonist) in the future what other addictions could naltrexone possibly treat?

A

gambling

22
Q

(antagonist) it is recommended naltrexone is given along side what and why?

A

other psychological support e.g. counselling
may make the patient feel more supported and willing to comply with treatment and addresses the root cause of the addiction

23
Q

(antagonist) what does the addict have to do to be administered naltrexone?

A

stop using opiods

demonstrate they are motivated to be drug free

24
Q

(antagonist) how can naltrexone be administered?

A

implant
oral medication
depot injection (released slowly over a no. of weeks)

25
Q

(antagonist) how long is a patient on naltrexone supervised for and why?

A

up to 6 months

to ensure they haven’t relapsed

26
Q

(antagonist) naltrexone blocks the pleasurable affects associated with opiods making them what?

A

less rewarding

27
Q

(antagonist) naltrexone is used in which stage of recovery?

A

abstinence stage