3.2.3.1 Psychological factors that can influence an individual in physical activities. 3.2.3.1.1 Aspects of personality

Question 1

personality

Answer 1

sum total of an individuals characteristics make him/her unique

an individual predisposition to behave in a certain way

Question 2

6 reasons why do we need to understand personality

Answer 2

1. motivation,
2. deal with pressure/failure
3. training types,
4. confidence
5. competitiveness
6. deal with media

Question 3

different personality theories

Answer 3

1. trait theory
2. social learning theory
3. interactionist theory

Question 4

trait theory

Answer 4

• innate, enduring = predicted behaviour = stable
• same in all situations
  e. g. extrovert basketball player

AO2: e.g. footballer behaves in practice recreational manner = same as they way they behave in cup final
AO3; doesn’t account for surroundings/environment we are in e.g. losing in a friendly or losing in a final

Question 5

social learning theory

Answer 5

• learn from other = pick up behaviour ‘socialisation’
• learn behaviour reinforced & copy if live (copied)

observe – identity – reinforce – copy

AO2: e.g. watching a captain behave badly but still being rewarded would lead to other players behaving badly
AO3: people adapt their behaviour to env,all have traits

Question 6

interactionist theory

Answer 6

-lewin and hollander
combine trait & social learning
-interaction personality & env

Lewin: b =f(pxe) 
Hollander: 3 parts 
1.  psychological core 
2. typical response
3. role related behaviour 

• predict typical response,
• change in environment coach = adaptations
• manipulate environment = remain high performance

Question 7

Lewin approach

Answer 7

behaviour = f (p x e)

• assertive needed = demonstrate traits (scrum vs open play)
• behaviour change in different env (unlike trait)
• typical response as we posses traits likely shown

Question 8

hollander’s theory of personality:

Answer 8

1. psychological core
   - beliefs, values, attitudes, self worth
   - unlikely to change
   - affects next layer
2. typical response
   - indication of inner core
   - learnt response
3. role related behaviour
   - changeable (varies on feelings) -> differ from core
   - actual responses = different circumstances

Question 9

applications of interactionist theory of personality to coaching

Answer 9

• taught to alter behaviour and improve performance
• act/respond in certain ways in certain situations
• aspect of personality = changed
• situations/experiences to = change in normal behaviour = avoid

Question 10

how can interactionist theory improve performance:

Answer 10

• coach predict behaviour = aggressive/swap
• certain situation = drop perf = practice in training
• retrain personality -> overcome certain trait = encouragement in training if anxious