3.2.3.1 Psychological factors that can influence an individual in physical activities. 3.2.3.1.7 Achievement motivation theory

Question 1

achievement motivation

Answer 1

extent to which an individual is motivated to achieve success

(links personality with degree of competitiveness shown by an individual)

drive to succeed - fear of failure = achievement motivation

Question 2

Bandura

Answer 2

“competitive drive was a product of learning through watching others”

Question 3

Atkinson & McClelland

Answer 3

“achievement motivation is generated through a combination of personality and situational factors

Question 4

Murray

Answer 4

“competitive inclination is product of nature”

Question 5

High need to Achieve (NACH)

Answer 5

• success is less likely = incentive value of success is high
• approach behaviour (behaviours = accept challenges)

Question 6

High need to avoid failure (NAF)

Answer 6

-success is very probable
incentive value of success is low
-avoidance behaviour (behaviours reject challenges)

Question 7

NACH characterisitcs

Answer 7

1. excellence (training = best)
2. not afraid to fail
3. challenge/welcome competition
4. attribute success internally
5. approach behaviour
6. enjoy situations where evaluated
7. confident
8. task persistence
9. feedback

Question 8

NAF characteristics

Answer 8

1. shows avoidance behaviour
2. avoid challenge (guaranteed success/failure)
3. worse when evaluated
4. preoccupied with failure
5. lacks taks persistence
6. easy option
7. attributes failures internally
8. does not value feedback

Question 9

interactionist approach

Answer 9

interaction of personality (NACH NAF) and environment (situation)

Question 10

3 ways to help a skilful but NAF individual

Answer 10

• audience in training
• change negative attitude
• positive reinforcement

Question 11

3 ways how does a coach improve achievement motivation

NAF -> NACH

Answer 11

• success = reinforcement = confidence
• attribute success internally (attribution retraining)
• goal setting

Question 12

7 ways how can approach behaviour be developed?

Answer 12

1-increasing task difficulty 
2-encourage risk taking 
3-attribution correctly 
4-high self efficacy/ avoid learned helplessness 
5-positive feedback 
6-set specific goals
7-encourage game scenarios in training

Question 13

achievement goal theory

Answer 13

-motivation/task persistence= goal set/measure success
-NAF = process (outcome fail = shatter confidence)
(against own standards) = success regardless of result
-consider perceived ability when evaluating such goals