3.2.2 Clostridium perfringens Flashcards
Virulence factor that is responsible for Food poisoning?
Beta and Alpha toxin
In Beta and Alpha toxin, what type that is mild and can cause diarrhea and cramps?
Type A
In Beta and Alpha toxin, what type that cause Enteritis necroticans?
Type C
What is the incubation period when develop the symptoms of abdominal pain, bloody diarrhea and vomiting in Enteritis necroticans?
5-6 hrs
Type C / Enteritis necroticans is caused by what specific toxin?
Beta toxin
What is the toxin responsible for necrosis of tissue and deeper penetration?
Alpha toxin
Alpha toxin = Necrosis tissue
Signs and symptoms:
Bullae - fluid filled blisters
Serous discharge
Discoloration
Tissue necrosis (Increased gas inside wound infection)
What is the disease?
What is the bacteria that cause this?
Gas gangrene / Myonecrosis
Clostridium perfringens
What are the 2 treatment for myonecrosis?
Antibiotic and Surgical debridement of necrotic tissue (Removes infected area)
Hyperbaric oxygen (Kills anaerobe)
NOTE: Myonecrosis can also be cause by:
C. septicum
C. histolyticum
C. noyvi
C. bifermentans
C. prefringens is most often
What will happen if gas gangrene is left untreated?
Bacteremia
What is the spore component of C. perfringens?
Dipicolinic acid
Unique in clostridium perfringens when it comes to Cellular morphology??
Boxcar
Large square rods
Unique in clostridium perfringens when it comes to Colonial morphology??
Double hemolysis
The alpha toxin in double hemolysis is located in what zone?
Outer zone
The Beta toxin in double hemolysis is located in what zone?
Inner zone
What are the presumptive test for C. perfringens?
Lecithinase test
Nagler reaction
Reverse camp
Test that detects alpha toxin Lectihinase C and phospholipase C
Lecithinase test
What is the media use in lecithinase test?
Egg yolk agar
What is the positive indicator for lecithinase test
Opaque zone around the colony
How to prepare nagler reaction?
Left side: antitoxin w/ unknown
Right side: W/o antitoxin w/ unknown
What is the positive indicator for Nagler reaction?
Less to no growth in zone with antitoxin and has zone of precipitation on the area without antitoxin
Reverse CAMP is due to?
Beta lysin
What is the control for Reverse CAMP?
Streptococcus agalactiae
What is the result for C. perfringens?
Reverse CAMP
