3.2 The metal reactivity series

Question 1

(VR) very reactive metals

Answer 1

K, Na, Li, Ba, Ca

Question 2

(R) reactive metals

Answer 2

Mg, Al, Zn, Cr, Fe

Question 3

(SR) somewhat reactive metals

Answer 3

Co, Ni, Sn, Pb

Question 4

(NR) non reactive metals

Answer 4

Cu*, Ag, Au, Pt

Question 5

metal atoms

Answer 5

LOSE electrons to form CATIONS

Question 6

nonmetal atoms

Answer 6

GAIN electrons to form ANIONS

Question 7

VR metal + water

Answer 7

metal hydroxide + H2

Question 8

R metal + steam

Answer 8

metal oxide + H2

Question 9

metal (excluding Cu) + dilute acid

Answer 9

metal salt + H2

Question 10

metal (including Cu) + oxygen

Answer 10

metal oxide

*R and SR require heat

Question 11

displacement reaction

Answer 11

more reactive metal displaces less reactive metal

Question 12

(reactivity trend) decreasing ionisation energy =

Answer 12

increases reactivity

Question 13

(reactivity trend) increasing atomic radius =

Answer 13

increases reactivity

Question 14

(reactivity trend) decreasing electronegativity =

Answer 14

increases reactivity

Question 15

OIL RIG

Answer 15

oxidation is loss,
reduction is gain of electrons

Question 16

oxidation number is:

Answer 16

atom charge, i.e. number of electrons an atom can donate/gain to form a bond

Question 17

what are galvanic cells

Answer 17

a battery where chemical potential energy is converted to electricity through REDOX

Question 18

features of anodes
(1) charge
(2) process
(3) reductant or oxidant
(4) mass of electrode
(5) concentration of ions in electrolyte

Answer 18

(1) anode is negatively charged
(2) oxidation occurs at anode (loss)
(3) contains the reductant
(4) mass of electrode decreases
(5) concentration of ions decreases

Question 19

features of cathodes
(1) charge
(2) process
(3) reductant or oxidant
(4) mass of electrode
(5) concentration of ions in electrolyte

Answer 19

(1) positively charged
(2) reduction occurs at cathode (gain)
(3) contains oxidant
(4) mass of electrode increases
(5) concentration of ions increases

Question 20

what is a half cell

Answer 20

a cell containing metal and a solution with its ions

Question 21

electrode meaning

Answer 21

conductor of a cell connected to wire

Question 22

electrolyte meaning

Answer 22

solution with constantly holds and releases ions

Question 23

salt bridge definition and function

Answer 23

electrolyte or electrolyte gel that allows movement of ions to maintain balance of charges

(1) positive ions from anode and bridge flow to cathode
(2) negative ions from cathode and bridge flow to anode

Question 24

direction of electron flow

Answer 24

anode to cathode

Question 25

inert electrodes
(1) when to use
(2) process

Answer 25

(1) when a half cell doesn’t have a conducting solid/electrode
(2) allows reaction to occur on surface area

Question 26

standard cell notation for copper and silver galvanic cells

Answer 26

Cu(s) | Cu2+ (aq) || Ag+(aq) | Ag(s)

Question 27

explain standard cell notation

Answer 27

ANODE || CATHODE
trode | lyte || lyte | trode

*an inert electrode lies on the outside
trode | lyte || lyte, lyte | trode

Question 28

cell potential is: