Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

U-World > 3 > Flashcards

3 Flashcards

1
Q

How is and where is AF most commonly intiated

A

aberrant electrical impulses most often from pulmonary veins

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Rate of contraction in A-Fib is determined by?

A

AV node refractory period

HR in AF= 90-170 usually

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What determines the duration of QRS?

A

Bundle branch conductivity…thus bundle branch block = widened QRS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Brain injury timeline

A

1) Red Neuron and neutrophils (24-48 hours)
2) Microglia (3-5 days)
3) Gliosis, cystic space surrounded by astrocytes (2 wks)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Spleen embryologic orgin

A

Mesoderm of dorsal mesentery

However: blood supply is from splenic artery (foregut)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Segmentation allows for…

A

Reassortment (BOAR)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Irregular R-R, narrow QRS, absent P-waves

A

A-fib

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Periodontitis (often necrotizing) can be seen in what autosomal recessive disorder

A

LAD (absence of CD18)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Infection following live vaccine

A

T-cell mediated immunity deficiencies (SCID and HIV for example)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Wiskott Aldrich

A

Deficient cytoskeleton

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Anesthetics with high tissue solubility are characterized by large arteriovenous concentration gradients and _______ onset of action

A

slower

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Tropocollagen monomers self-assemble into collagen fibril and are cross linked by

A

lysyl oxidase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Defect in post translation hydroxylation in RER leading to decreased triple helix stability of collagen

A

Scurvy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

what are the two components of advanced directives?

A

Living will and health care proxy (proxy must follow patients living will)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

microhemaggluttination assay-TP and FTA-ABS for T. pallidium remain positive for life. Track therapy with

A

VDRL and RPR

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

shallow painful genital ulceration (chancroid) with regional LAD. Medium with hematin (X factor) useful in culture.

A

Haemophilus Ducreyi

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

Nucleus in hypothalamus that monitors blood glucose

A

Ventromedial (VMN)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Hypothalamic tumors in child

A

gliomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Nystan (polyene anti-fungal)

A

ergosterol pores (sim. to ampB)

20
Q

Acyclovir converted into

A

Acyclo-GTP inhibits DNA pol

21
Q

Viral infection in DM1 patient can lead to

A

DKA

22
Q

ventricular fibrillation in acute MI setting leading to SCD is due to what?

A

electrical instability in the ischemic myocardium

23
Q

Beta blockers in thyrotoxicosis

A

decrease sympathetics and decrease rate of peripheral conversion of T4–>T3

24
Q

Taste to ant. 2/3 of tongue

A

chorda tympani branch of facial nerve

25
Q

Posterior 1/3 of tongue taste

A

Glossopharyngeal nerve IX

26
Q

Posterior area of tongue root and taste buds of the larynx and upper esophagus

A

Vagus X

27
Q

Pneumococcal vaccine that induces T-cell-dependent B-cell response (higher affinity antibodies and memory cells)

A

Conjugated (diphtheria vaccine)
PCV13

PPSV23 for adults= B-cell only…shittier

28
Q

Cholera vaccine

A

oral killed vaccine (need multiple inoculations and boosters)

29
Q

Oral typhoid and BCG

A

live attenuated vaccines

30
Q

Recombinant surface protein vaccine

A

HBV (similar effectiveness as killed)

31
Q

Inactivated toxin vaccines

A

Diptheria and tetanus (development of neutralizing antibodies against toxin)

32
Q

severe hypoplasia of marrow erythroid elements in the setting of normal granulopoiesis (white) and thrombopoiesis

A

PRCA

33
Q

Pathogenesis of PRCA

A

Inhibition of erythropoietic precursors and progenitors by IgG autoantibodies or cytotoxic T lymphocytes

34
Q

PRCA associations:

Note: ALL patients with PRCA need a chest X-ray

A 
Thymomas (removal can cure) and lymphocytic leukemias
Also parvoB19 (destroys proerythroblasts)
35
Q

Alpha-galactosidase A (FABRY) normally does what?

A

Breaks down globotriaosycleramine (Gb3); a sphingolipid also known as ceramide trihexose.

36
Q

Where can Gb3 build up in Fabry accumulate in kidney?

A

Glomerulus and distal tubule–>proteinuria and polyuria

37
Q

Accumulation of cerebroside sulfate

A

Metachromic leukodystrophy (Arylsufatase A deficiency)

38
Q

Lysosomal storage disease: Progressive demyelination leading to ataxia, peripheral neuropathy, seizures and hypotonia

A

Metachromic leukodystrophy

39
Q

Lysosomal storage disease: Optic Atrophy, developmental regression, seizures

A

Krabbe disease

40
Q

Anovulation is common when?

A

First several years of menarche and last few years of meopause

41
Q

Anaphylaxis in IgA deficient patient who wasn’t wearing there dang medical alert bracelet

A

IgE antibodies directed against IgA (anti-IgA)

42
Q

Side effects of Acetazolamide (ex of use: open or closed angle glaucoma; it is decreasing HCO3 and AQH or in kidney blocks NaHCO3 and water reabsorption)

A

Somnolence, parathesias, alkalized urine…more rare: metabolic acidosis, hyponaturema, dehydration, hypokalemia

43
Q

Exchange of genes between 2 chromosomes via crossing over with homologous regions (Ex: nonsegment dsDNA viruses)

A

Recombination

44
Q

Uptake of naked DNA or in virology–> incorporation into host cell chromosome. Usually not passed on to progeny virions

A

Transformation

45
Q

Drain into the middle and superior rectal veins, which communicate with the internal iliac and inferior mesenteric respectively.

A

Internal hemroids

46
Q

Drain via inferior rectal vein into the internal pudendal–>internal illiac

A

external hemorrhoids

U-World (16 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions