2.8 Structure of biological molecules

Question 1

What chemical elements are carbohydrates made of?

Answer 1

Carbon, Hydrogen and oxygen

Question 2

What chemical elements are Lipids made of?

Answer 2

Carbon, Hydrogen and oxygen

Question 3

What chemical elements are Proteins made of?

Answer 3

Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen and small amounts of sulfur

Question 4

What is a monosaccharide? Give an example

Answer 4

A simple sugar (E.G glucose)

Question 5

What is a disaccharide? Give an example

Answer 5

A molecule is formed when 2 monosaccharides join together (E.G Maltose is formed with 2 glucose molecules)

Question 6

What is a large polysaccharide? Give an example

Answer 6

Formed when many monosaccharides join together, these are insoluble and, therefore, useful as storage molecules. (E.G Starch)

Question 7

What is a triglyceride?

Answer 7

One glycerol molecule chemically bonded to 3 fatty acid chains

Question 8

What are proteins formed from?

Answer 8

Amino Acids

Question 9

How does the body use amino acids as building blocks?

Answer 9

-Seperate Amino acids can join together in a chain, which is then called a Peptide
- Multiple peptides joining will create a protein