28 APR 2017 0929 MIX Flashcards

1
Q

what is the treatment for thyroid storm?

A
  • propanolol to decrease adrenergic manifestations
  • PTU followed by iodine solution (SSKI) to decrease hormone synthesis and release
  • glucocorticoids to decrease peripheral T4 to T3 conversion and improve vasomotor stability
  • identify trigger and treat, supportive care
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2
Q

how do glucocorticoids help treat thyroid storm?

A

prevent conversion of T4 to T3

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3
Q

how does the characteristic rash of measles (rubeola) spread?

A

cephalocaudally

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4
Q

treatment with which vitamin reduces the morbidity and mortality rates for patients with severe measles? how?

A

vitamin A - through promotion of antibody producing cells and regeneration of epithelial cells in the gut, lungs, and retina

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5
Q

what is the most common brain tumor in children?

A

low grade astrocytoma (eg pilocytic astrocytoma)

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6
Q

what is the most common cause of puerperal fever?

A

endometritis

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7
Q

what antibiotic(s) is/are used for endometritis? how long?

A

clindamycin plus gentamicin - continue until patient is afebrile for over 24 hours (should be 48 hours on abx)

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8
Q

what is the medication of choice for pyelonephritis in pregnancy?

A

ceftriaxone

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9
Q

in a patient under 45 with abnormal uterine bleeding and risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia (obesity, oligomenorrhea), what management is indicated?

A

endometrial biopsy

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10
Q

what is the SAAG cutoff value? what do the under/over values mean?

A
  • 1.1
  • under 1.1: absence of portal HTN (TB, peritoneal carcinomatosis, pancreatic ascites, nephrotic syndrome)
  • over 1.1: indicates portal HTN (cardiac ascites, cirrhosis, budd-chiari syndrome)
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11
Q

how is SAAG calculated?

A

subtracting peritoneal fluid albumin concentration from the serum albumin concentration

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12
Q

how does pregnancy affect respiration?

A
  • progesterone induces increased minute ventilation via increased tidal volume
  • respiratory rate is UNCHANGED
  • uterus pushes up on diaphragm, causing decreased functional residual capacity
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13
Q

what medication is used for treatment-resistant schizophrenia and schizophrenia associated with suicidality?

A

clozapine

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14
Q

seborrheic dermatitis is associated with what central nervous system disorder?

A

parkinson disease (also associated with HIV)

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15
Q

what type of agents are used for seborrheic dermatitis?

A

topical antifungals (ketoconazole, selenium sulfide)

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16
Q

when is chorionic villus sampling performed?

A

10-13 weeks

17
Q

when is the quad screen performed?

A

15-22 weeks