28 APR 2017 0929 MIX

Question 1

what is the treatment for thyroid storm?

Answer 1

• propanolol to decrease adrenergic manifestations
• PTU followed by iodine solution (SSKI) to decrease hormone synthesis and release
• glucocorticoids to decrease peripheral T4 to T3 conversion and improve vasomotor stability
• identify trigger and treat, supportive care

Question 2

how do glucocorticoids help treat thyroid storm?

Answer 2

prevent conversion of T4 to T3

Question 3

how does the characteristic rash of measles (rubeola) spread?

Answer 3

cephalocaudally

Question 4

treatment with which vitamin reduces the morbidity and mortality rates for patients with severe measles? how?

Answer 4

vitamin A - through promotion of antibody producing cells and regeneration of epithelial cells in the gut, lungs, and retina

Question 5

what is the most common brain tumor in children?

Answer 5

low grade astrocytoma (eg pilocytic astrocytoma)

Question 6

what is the most common cause of puerperal fever?

Answer 6

endometritis

Question 7

what antibiotic(s) is/are used for endometritis? how long?

Answer 7

clindamycin plus gentamicin - continue until patient is afebrile for over 24 hours (should be 48 hours on abx)

Question 8

what is the medication of choice for pyelonephritis in pregnancy?

Answer 8

ceftriaxone

Question 9

in a patient under 45 with abnormal uterine bleeding and risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia (obesity, oligomenorrhea), what management is indicated?

Answer 9

endometrial biopsy

Question 10

what is the SAAG cutoff value? what do the under/over values mean?

Answer 10

• 1.1
• under 1.1: absence of portal HTN (TB, peritoneal carcinomatosis, pancreatic ascites, nephrotic syndrome)
• over 1.1: indicates portal HTN (cardiac ascites, cirrhosis, budd-chiari syndrome)

Question 11

how is SAAG calculated?

Answer 11

subtracting peritoneal fluid albumin concentration from the serum albumin concentration

Question 12

how does pregnancy affect respiration?

Answer 12

• progesterone induces increased minute ventilation via increased tidal volume
• respiratory rate is UNCHANGED
• uterus pushes up on diaphragm, causing decreased functional residual capacity

Question 13

what medication is used for treatment-resistant schizophrenia and schizophrenia associated with suicidality?

Answer 13

clozapine

Question 14

seborrheic dermatitis is associated with what central nervous system disorder?

Answer 14

parkinson disease (also associated with HIV)

Question 15

what type of agents are used for seborrheic dermatitis?

Answer 15

topical antifungals (ketoconazole, selenium sulfide)

Question 16

when is chorionic villus sampling performed?

Answer 16

10-13 weeks

Question 17

when is the quad screen performed?

Answer 17

15-22 weeks