28 APR 2017 0929 MIX Flashcards
what is the treatment for thyroid storm?
- propanolol to decrease adrenergic manifestations
- PTU followed by iodine solution (SSKI) to decrease hormone synthesis and release
- glucocorticoids to decrease peripheral T4 to T3 conversion and improve vasomotor stability
- identify trigger and treat, supportive care
how do glucocorticoids help treat thyroid storm?
prevent conversion of T4 to T3
how does the characteristic rash of measles (rubeola) spread?
cephalocaudally
treatment with which vitamin reduces the morbidity and mortality rates for patients with severe measles? how?
vitamin A - through promotion of antibody producing cells and regeneration of epithelial cells in the gut, lungs, and retina
what is the most common brain tumor in children?
low grade astrocytoma (eg pilocytic astrocytoma)
what is the most common cause of puerperal fever?
endometritis
what antibiotic(s) is/are used for endometritis? how long?
clindamycin plus gentamicin - continue until patient is afebrile for over 24 hours (should be 48 hours on abx)
what is the medication of choice for pyelonephritis in pregnancy?
ceftriaxone
in a patient under 45 with abnormal uterine bleeding and risk factors for endometrial hyperplasia (obesity, oligomenorrhea), what management is indicated?
endometrial biopsy
what is the SAAG cutoff value? what do the under/over values mean?
- 1.1
- under 1.1: absence of portal HTN (TB, peritoneal carcinomatosis, pancreatic ascites, nephrotic syndrome)
- over 1.1: indicates portal HTN (cardiac ascites, cirrhosis, budd-chiari syndrome)
how is SAAG calculated?
subtracting peritoneal fluid albumin concentration from the serum albumin concentration
how does pregnancy affect respiration?
- progesterone induces increased minute ventilation via increased tidal volume
- respiratory rate is UNCHANGED
- uterus pushes up on diaphragm, causing decreased functional residual capacity
what medication is used for treatment-resistant schizophrenia and schizophrenia associated with suicidality?
clozapine
seborrheic dermatitis is associated with what central nervous system disorder?
parkinson disease (also associated with HIV)
what type of agents are used for seborrheic dermatitis?
topical antifungals (ketoconazole, selenium sulfide)