16 JAN 2017 2050 IM Flashcards
How is rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis diagnosed?
Sinus endoscopy with biopsy and culture
What is the treatment for rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis?
Surgical debridement and amphotericin B
What are the MRI / CT findings in PML?
White matter lesions with no enhancements (edema)
Where does the JC virus lie dormant?
Kidneys and lymphoid tissue
What are the symptoms of PML following JC virus reactivation ?
- Altered mental status
- Motor deficits
- Ataxia
- Vision abnormalities
Ring enhancing lesions with edema in an immunocompromised patient – diagnosis?
Toxoplasmosis
What are the adverse cardiac effects of hyperkalemia?
- Significant bradycardia (sinus node dysfunction, AV block)
- Ventricular arrhythmias
What agents can be used to quickly shift potassium intracellularly?
- Insulin (with glucose) – preferred
- Inhaled beta agonists (contraindicated with active CAD due to tachycardia and angina)
Necrotic migratory erythema is seen in what condition?
Glucagonoma
Young obese female with a headache that is suggestive of a brain tumor, but with normal neuroimaging and elevated CSF pressure?
Benign intracranial HTN (pseudotumor cerebri)
What is the pathology of pseudotumor cerebri?
Impaired absorption of CSF by arachnoid villi
What is the treatment for pseudotumor cerebri?
- Weight loss and acetazolamide
- Shunting or optic nerve fenestration for pseudotumor cerebri
What is the most common complication of pseudotumor cerebri?
Blindness
What should be considered in a condition that mimics rheumatoid arthritis (symmetric hands, wrists, knees, feet)?
Viral (parvovirus B19) arthritis
Patients with hereditary spherocytosis are at increased risk of what complications?
- Bilirubin stones
- Aplastic crisis from parvovirus B19
