16 JAN 2017 2050 IM Flashcards

1
Q

How is rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis diagnosed?

A

Sinus endoscopy with biopsy and culture

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2
Q

What is the treatment for rhino-orbito-cerebral mucormycosis?

A

Surgical debridement and amphotericin B

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3
Q

What are the MRI / CT findings in PML?

A

White matter lesions with no enhancements (edema)

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4
Q

Where does the JC virus lie dormant?

A

Kidneys and lymphoid tissue

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5
Q

What are the symptoms of PML following JC virus reactivation ?

A
  • Altered mental status
  • Motor deficits
  • Ataxia
  • Vision abnormalities
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6
Q

Ring enhancing lesions with edema in an immunocompromised patient – diagnosis?

A

Toxoplasmosis

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7
Q

What are the adverse cardiac effects of hyperkalemia?

A
  • Significant bradycardia (sinus node dysfunction, AV block)
  • Ventricular arrhythmias
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8
Q

What agents can be used to quickly shift potassium intracellularly?

A
  • Insulin (with glucose) – preferred

- Inhaled beta agonists (contraindicated with active CAD due to tachycardia and angina)

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9
Q

Necrotic migratory erythema is seen in what condition?

A

Glucagonoma

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10
Q

Young obese female with a headache that is suggestive of a brain tumor, but with normal neuroimaging and elevated CSF pressure?

A

Benign intracranial HTN (pseudotumor cerebri)

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11
Q

What is the pathology of pseudotumor cerebri?

A

Impaired absorption of CSF by arachnoid villi

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12
Q

What is the treatment for pseudotumor cerebri?

A
  • Weight loss and acetazolamide

- Shunting or optic nerve fenestration for pseudotumor cerebri

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13
Q

What is the most common complication of pseudotumor cerebri?

A

Blindness

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14
Q

What should be considered in a condition that mimics rheumatoid arthritis (symmetric hands, wrists, knees, feet)?

A

Viral (parvovirus B19) arthritis

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15
Q

Patients with hereditary spherocytosis are at increased risk of what complications?

A
  • Bilirubin stones

- Aplastic crisis from parvovirus B19

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16
Q

PCT is due to a deficiency in what enzyme?

A

Uroporphyrinogen decarboxylase

17
Q

Symptoms:

  • Painless blisters that heal with scarring
  • Increased skin fragility on dorsal surfaces of hands
  • Facial hypertrichosis
  • Hyperpigmentation
A

PCT