2.4 Production and destruction of RBCs

Question 1

Stimulus for production of RBCs?

Answer 1

Hypoxia

Question 2

Source of EPO?

Answer 2

Peritubular interstitial cells (Kidneys)

Question 3

A glycoprotein hormone and growth factor that is produce in the kidney

Answer 3

Erythropoietin

Question 4

Functions of erythropoietin:
- Early release of _________ from the BM
- Preventing __________ of RBC progenitors
- Less time of RBC maturation in the BM

Answer 4

Reticulocytes

Apoptosis

Question 5

Lab measurement for RBCs production:

What is the specimen used?

Answer 5

EDTA plasma

Question 6

Specimen used indetermining RBCs production is commonly measured by?

Answer 6

Chemiluminescence

Question 7

Reference interval for RBCs production in Chemiluminescence?

Answer 7

10 - 30 U/L

Question 8

Major mechanism of Destruction of RBCs?

Answer 8

Extravascular hemolysis (80-90%)

Question 9

Extravascular hemolysis mechanism is done through RES macrophage-medated

T or F

Answer 9

T

Question 10

Destruction of RBCs is throug fragmentation of RBCs

Answer 10

Intravascular RBCs

Question 11

A term where macrophage destroys OLD RBCs in Spleen

Answer 11

Splenic Culling

Question 12

The process of Splenic culling:

Destruction of Old RBC releases?

Answer 12

Heme and Globin

Question 13

The process of Splenic culling:

Once Heme is released, it is broken down into?

Answer 13

Iron and porphyrin

Question 14

The process of Splenic culling:

Porphyrin is deoxidized by what enzyme which turns into biliverdin?

Answer 14

Heme oxygenase

Question 15

The process of Splenic culling:

Biliverdin will convert in to ___________ that is calatyze by Biliverdin reductase

Answer 15

Unconjugated bilirubin

Question 16

The process of Splenic culling:

B1 will be converted in to B2 in what organ?

Answer 16

Liver

Question 17

The process of Splenic culling:

B2 will go to intestine and is reduce by bacteria into _____________?

Answer 17

Urobilinogen

Question 18

The process of Splenic culling:

Urobilinogen:

Urine:__________
Stool:____________

Answer 18

Urobilinogen
Urobilin

Question 19

Labs finding in excessive hemolysis for extravascular hemolysis:

_________ Serum Bilirubin (B1)
_________ Urine urobilinogen

Answer 19

All increase

Question 20

Extravascular hemolysis: 80-90%
Intravascular hemolysis: 10-20%

T or F

Answer 20

T

Question 21

Intravascular hemolysis:

How RBCs are fragmented is due to ?

Answer 21

Deposits (Fibrin, any deposits)

Question 22

Intravascular hemolysis:

Fragmented RBCs are also known as?

Answer 22

Schistocytes

Question 23

Intravascular hemolysis:

When hemoglobin is release to plasma, it will taken up by ___________ while heme will be taken up by?

Answer 23

Haptoglobin

Hemopexin

Question 24

Intravascular hemolysis:

After heme and hemoglobin are taken up, it will go to the _________ for Hgb degradation

Answer 24

Liver

Question 25

Labs finding in excessive hemolysis for intravascular hemolysis:

_________ Haptoglobin
_________ Hemopexin

Answer 25

All decrease

Question 26

Labs finding in excessive hemolysis for intravascular hemolysis:

Decrease in haptoglobin is due to?

Answer 26

Hemoglobinuria

Question 27

Labs finding in excessive hemolysis for intravascular hemolysis:

Excessive hemoglobinuria can lead to _________ where iron is lost in the urine

Answer 27

hemosiderinuria

Question 28

Reference method for RBC survival studies?

Answer 28

Chromium (51 CR) Radioisotope labeling