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Fashion & Textiles > 2.4 Design Processes > Flashcards

2.4 Design Processes Flashcards

1
Q

What is the aim of the design process?

A

To create new and original designs

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2
Q

How does the design process do this?

A

By gathering information to inspire new ideas and finding the most effective ways to make prototypes

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3
Q

What type process does the design process have?

A

A circular (iterative) process rather than a linear one, as further research and modifications will be carried out as many times necessary to produce a successful design

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4
Q

What will the type of investigation carried out depend on?

A
  • Context of the designs
  • Needs of the target market
  • Forecasted trends
  • Need to consult with specialists
  • Assessment of existing products
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5
Q

What will the context depend on?

A
  • Design features of former products
  • Mood boards to inspire a certain feeling or aesthetic
  • The work of other designers
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6
Q

Why will the research data be analysed?

A

To check that the investigations are relevant to the context and provide a good source of inspiration for possible designs

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7
Q

What should be used to generate ideas for design work?

A

Mood or theme boards should be illustrated with inspiring images

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8
Q

What does research analysis provide?

A

Information that a designer can use to identify the design criteria

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9
Q

How can design ideas be generated?

A
  • Making quick sketches
  • More detailed drawings
  • Experimenting with fabrics, colours and textures
  • Samling working techniques
  • Trying out potential materials
  • Making 3D models
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10
Q

How is design work recorded?

A

In illustrations which could communicate design concepts and final ideas

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11
Q

What might designers include in these illustrations?

A

Suggestions of textures, possible material combinations or suitable decorative techniques

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12
Q

What can illustrations provide?

A

Evidence of suitable manufacturing technologies

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13
Q

Why is modelling an important stage?

A

It is used to test out ideas and firm up decisions about design ideas

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14
Q

What materials do they use in modelling?

A

Generally inexpensive and readily available, although sometimes a designer will test out a fabric that performs in a similar way

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15
Q

When are many different ideas generated?

A

In the first stages of the design process, these will be evaluated against the design brief and the most promising idea will be selected for further investigation

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16
Q

Why is a development plan put into place?

A

To keep the investigations focused on the design criteria and to work out how a successful prototype could be made

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17
Q

What does the designer set out in the development plan?

A

Possible materials, components, techniques and processes need for the design

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18
Q

How can strengths and weakness be presented?

A

By evaluating and testing it against the design criteria

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19
Q

How is evaluating and testing done most effectively?

A

By seeking third party opinions from clients, suppliers, experts and consumers, their unbiased views will help the design team to judge the best aspects of the design

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20
Q

How can the pattern for a prototype be drafted?

A

Using:
- An existing commercial pattern
- Block pattern templates
- Pattern drawing software
- Shapes traced from an original product
- Moulage techniques

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21
Q

What are used to communicate information on pattern templates?

A

Universal symbols and technical terms

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22
Q

What do pattern reference numbers identify?

A

The design, commercial patterns will also include the manufacturers name and perhaps a designers name

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23
Q

What does a section identification do?

A

Identify the pattern piece

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24
Q

What does the grain line show?

A

The direction that the pattern piece should be placed

25
Q

What is the fold line?

A

Pattern pieces need to be lined up with the fold of the fabric, this creates a symmetrical shape when the pattern is cut out

26
Q

How is a centre back/centre front shown?

A

By a dashed line that is midway between the shoulders, it is always a straight vertical line

27
Q

What is the cutting line?

A

Usually a solid line, multi sized patterns will have different styles of line depending on the size

28
Q

What are balance notches?

A

Triangles cut into the fabric, single notches indicate the front, double notches indicate the back

29
Q

What are adjustment lines?

A

Usually 2 horizontal, parallel lines placed in the best position for lengthening or shortening

30
Q

What does the seam line indicate?

A

The seam allowance which is usually 1.5cm wide unless otherwise stated

31
Q

What are balance circles?

A

Matching points

32
Q

What are block patterns?

A

Commonly used shapes, such as skirt fronts or sleeves, these can be traced into paper and adapted to create the desired shape for the prototype

33
Q

Why don’t block patterns usually have a seam allowance?

A

Because it is easier to add the seam allowance to the modified versions created for the prototype

34
Q

What are 4 basic pattern adaptations?

A
  • Using pattern drawing software
  • Using a mannequin
  • Using a commercial pattern
  • Using existing products
35
Q

How are pattern drawing softwares used?

A

Basic pattern blocks can be printed out and then the pattern can be developed and extended using dot and cross paper

36
Q

How are mannequins used?

A

Pattern pieces can be tested on a mannequin to check certain features

37
Q

How are commercial patterns used?

A

The existing pattern provides the basic shape, which can be re-drafted into the desired shape creating a new pattern

38
Q

How are existing products used?

A

Sections of an existing garment laid out and the shape traced to make a pattern piece. Each piece will require seam allowance

39
Q

What is moulage?

A

A method of manipulating fabrics on a mannequin

40
Q

How are templates developed in moulage?

A

From the fabric pieces draped across the mannequin, fabric can also be draped across the body, moulage is a similar process draping

41
Q

What are darts?

A

A method of disposing of excess fabric to create shape, the size and position of darts can be altered to create a good fit

42
Q

What is a yoke?

A

A shaped section that is often placed at the back of a shirt or hip level in a skirt, it is usually a double layer of fabric that supports the lower section of the garment

43
Q

What is a toile?

A

A test version of a garment made up in a cheap fabric, usually calico. Recycled fabrics such as old sheets could also be used

44
Q

Why are toiles made?

A

To see how the garment works and what further improvements are needed, they are usually made without fastenings and other components as only the essential features need to be tested

45
Q

What is the design process driven by the need for?

A
  • Fit for purpose
  • The right price
  • Appealing to the target market
  • Fashionable
  • Exclusive and original
46
Q

What are different design methodologies used for?

A

To create new ideas or develop existing products

47
Q

What will the methodology chosen depend on?

A

The type of:
- Product
- Target market
- Client
- Budget for designing

48
Q

How are designers kept up to date?

A
  • Commercial trend forecasts
  • Catwalk and celebrity trends
  • Sales of current products
  • Trade shows
  • Social media, fashion magazines, trade publications
49
Q

What are 6 things that make up a design team?

A
  • Freelance/in-house designer
  • Product developer
  • Pattern designer/cutter
  • Pattern grader
  • Sample machinist
  • Garmenr technologist
50
Q

What does an in-house designer do?

A

Produces designs, illustrations and summarises the design requirements

51
Q

What does a product developer do?

A

Plans how the design can be manufactured, and test suitable fabrics and components that are available within budget

52
Q

What does the pattern designer/cutter do?

A

Takes the design and creates a pattern

53
Q

What does a pattern grader do?

A

Develops the pattern to provide a range of sizes in proportion to the original pattern

54
Q

What does a sample machinist do?

A

Sews the first prototype using the pattern and according to the expected manufacturing process

55
Q

What do garment technologists do?

A

Ensures the product can be manufactured within budget, fits well and the specifications are agreed by the client

56
Q

What has an impact on commercial design and manufacture?

A

The cyclic nature of the design process

57
Q

What does the cycle of development include?

A
  • Testing it against the design criteria
  • Showing the design proposal to the client
  • Asking consumers for feedback
  • Providing a sample to exhibit on the catwalk
58
Q

What does convection dictate?

A

That collections are produced in spring/summer and autumn/winter, these seasons often dictate the colour palettes and materials used

Fashion & Textiles (24 decks)

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