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fashion & textiles > 1.3 Methods of Joining and Use of Components > Flashcards

1.3 Methods of Joining and Use of Components Flashcards

1
Q

What will a good seam be?

A
  • Strong and durable
  • Smooth and even
  • Accurately sewn
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2
Q

What are the 4 main types of seam?

A
  • Plain/open seam
  • French seam
  • Fell/double machined seam
  • Lapped seam
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3
Q

What are the main characteristics of a plain seam?

A
  • Needs edge finishing to stop fraying
  • Simple and quick
  • Most commonly used
  • Strong
  • Not visible on right side
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4
Q

What are the uses of a plain seam?

A
  • Suitable for all normal weight fabrics
  • Used in most garments, household textiles and sporting goods
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5
Q

What are the characteristics of french seam?

A
  • Self finishing as all raw edges are enclosed
  • More challenging and time consuming
  • Strong
  • Can be bulky
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6
Q

What are the uses of a french seam?

A
  • Used with delicate, fine, sheer fabrics that are prone to fraying such as chiffon and organza
  • Suitable for lightweight clothing, lingerie and children’s wear
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7
Q

What are the characteristics of a fell seam?

A
  • Self finishing as all raw edges are enclosed
  • Challenging and time consuming
  • Very strong and durable
  • Gives a decorative feature
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8
Q

What are the uses of a fell seam?

A

Used on products that have to withstand heavy wear and frequent washing such as shirts, jeans, trousers and overalls

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9
Q

What are the characteristics of a lapped seam?

A
  • Simple and quick
  • Flat, smooth finish
  • Gives a decorative effect
  • Strong
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10
Q

What are the uses of a lapped seam?

A

Typically used on bulky fabrics that do not fray such as heel e and artificial leather

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11
Q

What do edge finishes give?

A

A neat appearance and prevent fraying, helping to increase the life of a product

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12
Q

What do edge finishing techniques include?

A
  • Edge stitching
  • Overlocking
  • Pinking
  • Binding
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13
Q

What should be avoided for knitted fabric?

A

Stretching the fabric when pinning and cutting out

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14
Q

What stitch should be used on knitted fabric?

A

A stretch stitch with a polyester thread as it is strong and has some give

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15
Q

What needle should be used when knitted fabric?

A

A ballpoint needle to prevent snagging, using interfacing will also strengthen and stop snagging

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16
Q

What stitch should be used on stretch fabrics?

A

A stretch stitch with polyester sewing thread enables seams and hems to stretch with the fabric

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17
Q

What needle should be used on stretch fabrics?

A

A fine ballpoint needle to prevent snagging

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18
Q

What interfacing should be used on stretch fabrics?

A

Stretch interfacing to maintain stretch but increase stability

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19
Q

What layout is needed for checked and patterned fabrics?

A

A nap layout to achieve symmetry and overall continuity of the pattern across seams, pockets, darts and facings

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20
Q

What should happen at the sewing line and not the cutting line of checked and patterned fabrics?

A

Match, pin and tack seams

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21
Q

How do checked and patterned fabrics need to be cut?

A

On the bias to solve matching problems

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22
Q

What layout do directional fabrics need?

A

A nap layout to avoid pattern and shape variations in the finished product

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23
Q

What needles need to be used on directional fabrics?

A

Fine, sharp needles to prevent snagging, by finish seam edges as early as possible also prevents fraying

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24
Q

Where should directional fabrics been pinned?

A

In the seam allowance to toe th directional fabrics being marked

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25
Q

What needs to happen to sheet fabrics?

A

Sandwich the fabric in tissue paper to prevent sliding or mangling when sewn

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26
Q

What do you need to work with for sheer fabric?

A

Fine pins, sharp needles and scissor do avoid snagging

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27
Q

Where should sheer fabric be pinned?

A

In the seam allowance and use narrow self finishing french seams

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28
Q

What does the fabric need to be when using sheer fabrics?

A

Keep on taut when sewing do prevent puckering, th same fabric should be sheer to strength areas

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29
Q

What are polyester fibres?

A

The most used to make purpose sewing threads

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30
Q

What are some characteristics of polyester fibres?

A
  • Strong
  • Degree of give, so they are good with stretch fabrics
  • Do not shrink
  • Resistant to rot
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31
Q

What are specialist threads?

A

Buttonhole thread is a thicker thread made from polyester or silk, and it is used for handstitched buttonholes, setting on buttons and top stitching.

32
Q

What are the 2 embroidery threads?

A
  • Stranded embroidery cotton thread
  • Machine embroidery thread
33
Q

What are metallic threads?

A

Can because spun by loosely wrapping fine yarn around very fine strips of metal laminated between clear synthetic film

34
Q

What are metallic effect threads?

A

Appear to be made out of metal but synthetic fibres are used to give highly lustrous 3-D effects

35
Q

What are glow in the dark threads?

A

Made from coated polyester, impregnated with a phosphorescent pigment. The thread is charged by exposure to bright light and will glow in the dark.

36
Q

What are multi coloured of variegated threads?

A

Have a repeat of multicoloured dye pattern running throughout

37
Q

What is bondaweb?

A

A commercially available fusible fleece fabric. It is a soft, double sided adhesive web that is attached to transfer paper

38
Q

What are zips?

A

Secure fastenings but if they break they are hard to repair and the product may become unusable

39
Q

What are poppers used for?

A

To fasten an opening where a smooth flat closure is desired

40
Q

What happens if a popper breaks?

A

It is impossible to replace as a home is left in the fabric

41
Q

What are clips used on?

A

Luggage and sporting equipment applications

42
Q

What are buckles used to do?

A

Fasten narrow products such as belts or bag straps

43
Q

What are clasps?

A

Made out of metal or plastic and are used in a range of products including bags, coats and swimwear

44
Q

What are some characteristics of velcro?

A
  • Durable
  • Virtually unbreakable
  • Easy care
45
Q

What are d-rings used for?

A

To alter the length of bag straps and belts

46
Q

Why are d-rings not very secure?

A

They rely on friction between the strap and rings to stay in place

47
Q

What are books and eyes used on?

A
  • Bras
  • Top of some dresses
  • Trousers
48
Q

What are fabric and ribbon ties?

A

Decorative fastenings which are not very secure but are cheap and easy to use

49
Q

What are trims?

A

Decorative components that add interest and finishing touches to products

50
Q

What are the characteristics of braids?

A
  • Long and narrow
  • Cords are circular braided materials
  • Complex structures formed by plaiting or weaving braids
51
Q

What are the uses of braids?

A
  • Decorative edge trims sewn onto garments or craft projects
  • Formal garments and dress uniforms
52
Q

What are the characteristics of ribbon?

A
  • Woven with fine warp yarns with a high warp density
  • Long edges are finished but the cut short edge frays
  • Made from polyester and silk
53
Q

What are the uses of ribbon?

A

Used as tie fastenings or as a decorative trim on the edges of clothing or furnishings

54
Q

What are the characteristics of piping?

A
  • Strip of bias cut fabric
  • Made from cotton or polyester fibres
  • Fine cord used for garments and thicker cord is used for soft furnishings
55
Q

What are the uses of piping?

A
  • Used to define style lines in garments
  • Strengthens areas vulnerable to abrasion in soft furnishings
56
Q

What are the characteristics of edging?

A

Come with finished edges

57
Q

What are the uses of edging?

A

Decorative edge grins sewn onto finished products

58
Q

What are the characteristics of bindings?

A
  • Strips of fabric diagonally fit across the cross or bias grain
  • Bias binding can stretch and follow curves without creasing
59
Q

What are the uses of bindings?

A

Used to edge textile products or cover the raw edge turnings of plain seams

60
Q

What are the characteristics of fringing?

A
  • Decorative border
  • Looped threads, cords, beads or tassels attached to separate braid
  • Narrow strips of material
61
Q

What are the uses of fringing?

A
  • Used as edging for interior products such as cushions and curtains
  • Used as ornamental trims on flags and uniforms, fashion garments, dance and period costumes
62
Q

What are the characteristics of lace?

A
  • Made from cotton, polyester, rayon or silk
  • Sewn onto edges to hide hems or appliquéd onto surfaces
  • Delicate weblike patterns that snag easily
63
Q

What are the uses of lace?

A

Used on special occasion wear, wedding dresses, lingerie, table linen and trimming in children’s socks

64
Q

What are the characteristics of beads?

A
  • Add lustre and texture
  • Machined or hand sewn into fabrics
65
Q

What are the uses of beads?

A
  • To emphasise style lines
  • Create patterns on products
66
Q

What are the characteristics of diamantés?

A
  • Glued onto fabric or they come with pre glued base
67
Q

What are the uses of diamantés?

A

Used on special occasion wear, belts, shoes and children’s clothing

68
Q

What are some examples of e-components?

A
  • Wearable sensors that monitor temperature, moisture and medical devices
  • Integrated communication systems
  • Sound effects
69
Q

What are the characteristics of interfacings?

A
  • An extra layer of fabric used under or between the out layers
  • Comes in different weights and colours
  • Applied before garment construction begins
70
Q

What are the uses of interfacing?

A

Helps to:
- Give a crisp shape
- Strengthens fabric to support fastenings
- Stop fabric from stretching
- Stabalise fabric for embroidery

71
Q

What are the characteristics of underlinings?

A
  • Cut to same shape and size as outer layer
  • Sewn to wrong side and treated as one layer
  • Fabric lightweight and have same aftercare
72
Q

What are the uses of underlinings?

A

Helps to:
- Maintain shape without stiffening it
- Support seam in loose weave fabrics
- Provide opacity to sheer and lace fabrics making them less see through

73
Q

What are the characteristics of linings?

A
  • Constructed separately and attached at facing or hem areas
  • Can be fully or partially lined
  • Same care requirements
74
Q

What are the uses of linings?

A

Helps to:
- Make inside more attractive
- Cover and protect internal construction
- Warmer and more comfortable
- Hangs well
- Protect outer fabric

75
Q

What are the characteristics of interlinings?

A
  • Fabric layer added to a garment
  • Soft and lightweight
  • Sew in as one with the lining
76
Q

What are the uses of interlinings?

A

Helps to:
- Warmer/ better insulators
- Add body to a garment and improve its drape

fashion & textiles (24 decks)

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