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Fashion & Textiles > 1.7 Digital Design and Manufacture > Flashcards

1.7 Digital Design and Manufacture Flashcards

1
Q

What are some advantages of using CAD compared to hand generated alternatives?

A
  • Save time and money
  • Improve accuracy
  • Designs can be edited
  • Experimental changes made quickly
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2
Q

What can a pattern design system (PDS) do?

A
  • Draft and grade pattern pieces
  • Produce lay plans
  • Send the information to a computer integrated automated cutting system
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3
Q

What is virtual modelling software an advantage of CAD?

A

Replaces the need to hand make physical samples, which has less impact on the environment

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4
Q

What is more accurate by using CAD?

A

Designs and developments are more accurate, pattern pieces can be retrieved from a. database and printed out in pristine condition

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5
Q

What are the disadvantages of using CAD compared to hand generated alternatives?

A
  • Inital set up costs high
  • Client, designer and manufacturer all need to have compatible IT systems
  • Systems require regular updates and technical support
  • Potential for cyber attacks
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6
Q

What can CAD be used for?

A

Generate and accelerate the development of product design and pattern ideas for fabric

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7
Q

How does CAD show designs?

A

With photorealistic rendering and manipulated scanned artwork

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8
Q

How doses CAD stimulate idea interactively?

A

3D models can be viewed from any angle, allowing errors to be detected and corrected at an early stage

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9
Q

How does CAD show its final ideas?

A

On a presentation board to collect client and marketing feedback, it can also present ideas by email so it speeds up the decision making

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10
Q

What is an input?

A

A motif or design can be scanned into the computer, if is then ready to be altered

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11
Q

What is a transformation?

A

The computer can make many different repeats and combinations very quickly

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12
Q

What is an output?

A

Presentation boards giving a good idea of what fabric will look like or a range of garments

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13
Q

What are industrial applications of CAD able to do?

A

Show ideas in different colour ways using a pantone colour palette, imagine mapping or as a virtual prototype

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14
Q

What is pantone?

A

A standardised colour matching system

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15
Q

What is image mapping?

A

Allows a designer to show how a pattern or colour might look on a garment

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16
Q

What are some industrial features of CAD?

A
  • Plan and create accurate pattern repeats for printed fabrics
  • Create accurate pattern templates form 3D models using PDS
  • Plan accurate and correct lay plans to maximise profit and minimise wastage
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17
Q

What does CAD send?

A

Complex information directly to CAM machines, for example laser cutter and CAM embroidery machines

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18
Q

What needs to happen for CAD and CAM to work together?

A

The CAD files need to be converged info special code using a computer numerically controlled program

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19
Q

What is computer numerical control?

A

A program, converted form CAD files, which uses special codes to control CAM equipment

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20
Q

Why is CAM often used for felalcd manual operations?

A
  • Machines can work quickly and continuously
  • Quality more consistent
  • Machines can work with materials and chemicals that might be harmful to humans
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21
Q

What are computer controlled weaving looms programmed to do?

A

Lift the correct warp yarns to allow the insertion of weft yarns to create different weaves

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22
Q

What are the main methods used?

A
  • The gripper system
  • The rapier system
  • Jet systems
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23
Q

What is the gripper system?

A

Several grilled projectiles that take it in turns to launch and carry an individual weft yarn at high speed, in the same direction, across the loom

24
Q

What is the rapier system?

A

A rod with a gripper that takes the weft to the centre of the loom where a second rod picks it up and carries it to the opposite side

25
Q

What are jet systems?

A

Use water or pressurised air to insert the weft by carrying it across the width of the fabric

26
Q

What are other CAM machines controlled by computers?

A
  • Weft and warp knitting machines
  • Circular knitting machines
  • Highly specialised machines, which produce seamless garments
  • Jacquard weaving and knitting machines
27
Q

What is CAD software used for?

A

To develop print designs and individual screens for screen printing

28
Q

What is CAM software used for?

A

Controls the movement of the fabric, the supply of dye and the movement of the screens

29
Q

Why should a lay plan be used?

A
  • Minimum wastage
  • Different garment sizes cut together
  • All pattern pieces cut out
  • Any pattern, one way design or nap in the fabric is taken into account
  • Pattern pieces cut on grain
30
Q

What is done to save time and money?

A

Many layers do fabric are spread and cut out at the same time

31
Q

What do computer controlled speaking machines guarantee?

A

That the fabric edges are laid exactly on top of each other and the patterns on woven or knitted fabric are used in the same place on each layer

32
Q

What do computer controlled cutting machines use?

A
  • Knives
  • Laser beams
  • High pressure water jets
33
Q

How are barcodes used?

A
  • Cut out pieces put into bundles and labelled with barcode then sent to sewing
  • Computers read barcodes and monitor each products progress throughout manufacture
34
Q

What do automatic buttonhole machines use?

A

CNC machines programmed to accurately shape and repeatedly make buttonholes of the same shape and size

35
Q

What does a profile sewing system use?

A

A jig and a template to automatically place and stitch patch pockets onto garments

36
Q

How are pockets sewed?

A
  • Flat pocket hemmed at top edge then fed into template and positioned in exact place to be stitched
  • Edges are automatically folded under and a jig holds the pocket down while the machine stitches it
37
Q

What can an automated CNC profile machine be programmed to stitch?

A

Different seam types, for example fell seams in the legs of trousers

38
Q

What can computers control?

A

Pressing during manufacture and on garment completion

39
Q

What are automated conveyor fusing presses programmed to do?

A

Give an even finishing when fusing interfacing

40
Q

What is a steam dolly?

A

A specialist pressing machine that uses steam and air to inflate the inside of clothes, making creases fall out

41
Q

What decorative processes can computer controlled machines produce?

A

Logos and embroidery quickly and accurately using many different coloured threads

42
Q

What can lasers be programmed to do?

A

Using CAD software to etch or cut out intricate patterns on most fabrics, the laser seals the edges at the same time as it cuts, stopping edges from fraying

43
Q

What can computer software simulate?

A

A proposed production system to check production is possible before changing the layout of a factory or investing in new equipment

44
Q

What can simulations do?

A
  • Indicate how long it will take to manufacture a product
  • Model sales projections, enabling companies to be ready to react to consumer demand
45
Q

What does a PDS help?

A

With the design of garments and the development of pattern templates

46
Q

What can a PDS be used to do?

A

Present images and virtual prototypes to clients as it can simulate fabric texture, drape and garment fit on realistic, virtual body forms

47
Q

What can PDS create?

A

A customised fit using data from 3D body scanners or measurements taken by hand, so a customer can see how a garment might look and drape on their body

48
Q

What does digital printing allow?

A

Designers to quickly test out fabric designs by printing short lengths of fabric directly from a CAD program

49
Q

What do physical samples help?

A

Designers check the print works with a fabrics surface texture and weight

50
Q

What is electronic data interchange?

A

A system that relies on the use of computers to electronically exchange all documents

51
Q

What do EDI networks analyse?

A

Consumer trends and use the information to meet consumer demand

52
Q

What is electronic point of sale (EPOS)?

A

A computer based scanner barcode system used to read barcode information as well as capture data when products are purchased

53
Q

What are the advantages of an EPOS system?

A
  • Stock levels easily monitored
  • Demand activated manufacture more suitable
  • Saves money
  • Sales data and customer details collected for use by marketing departments
54
Q

What do computers in a PPC network do?

A

Plan and control all aspects of manufacturing

55
Q

What are the advantages of PPC networking?

A
  • Centrally stored information
  • Improved control of ‘in time’ availability in the supply of materials
  • Efficient planning of processes
  • Manage capacity
  • Efficient planning for style changes
  • Fewer production stoppages
  • Track order
56
Q

What are PPC systems used to do?

A

Coordinate different delivery dates to ensure that all materials and components are available using a JIT system, these systems keeps track of what has been ordered and when it will be delivered

57
Q

What is it possible with a PPC system?

A

Constantly monitor the status of orders and track orders throughout the supply chain

Fashion & Textiles (24 decks)

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