1.11 Design for Manufacture, Maintenance, Disposal and Repair Flashcards
What is the textile industry responsible for?
High levels of waste and pollution across the world, in addition consumers are buying more and more low cost garments and are more likely to throw them away and buy new than to repair them
What will minimise levels of waste and pollution?
Careful planning and management of each of the many stages and processes that are involved in making a textile product
What is the first stage of processing raw materials?
- Natural fibres need processing cleaning and sorting before use which requires energy
- Sythetic fibres are naturally white and clean
What is the second stage of processing raw materials?
Energy is needed to convert fibres into yarn/fabric. Most fabrics are then coloured
What is the third stage of processing raw materials?
- Traditional dyeing uses large quantities of water. Growing already coloured cotton reduces some waste
- Synthetic fibres are often dyed during spinning
What is the final stage of processing raw materials?
Special finishes e.g. crease/shrink resistance, may prolong life and improve performance
What will the design and style of a product dictate?
The cutting and sewing process required, managing the process can lead to a reduction in the use of resources
What can lead to reduction in resources?
- Choice of fabric: bias cut, one way
- Using fewer seams
- Using fewer components
- Using CAM
Why is packaging important?
In order to protect products while they are being batched for delivery so they arrive in at the retailers in perfect condition
What does reducing the amount of packaging required save on?
Resources and reduces weight which means reduced delivery cost
What should careful consideration be given to?
The choice of materials used in a product and this includes thinking about the consumers requirements, it’s intended use, after care and disposal
What are the six Rs?
- Reduce
- Recycle
- Reuse
- Rethink
- Repair
- Refuse
What is reduce?
Modifying the design of a product to reduce the amount of fabric and components used results in the saving of materials and energy used in manufacture
What is recycle?
Where a product is made into something else or resold at a charity shop
What is reuse?
Upcycling fabrics to make new products. H&M and Marks & Spencer have introduced garment collection boxes in their stores
What is rethink?
Rethinking how products are made or used can improve sustainability for example can they be more sustainably made
What is repair?
Designing products that are easy to repair and encouraging a culture of repair makes garments more sustainable
What is refuse?
Consumers can refuse to buy environmentally unsustainable products and reduced demand will lead to better practices
What are the standard instructions for washing temperature?
- Tub with number inside indicates maximum washing temperature
- Tub with bars under indicates agitation required
- Tub with hand above means hand-wash
- Tub with X through means do not wash
What are the standard instructions for bleaching?
- Empty triangle means any kind of bleach can be used
- Triangle with parallel diagonal lines means use non chlorine bleach
- Triangle with X through means do not bleach
What are the standard instructions for drying?
- Curved line means line dry
- Horizontal line means dry flat
- Three vertical lines mean drip dry
- Circle within square means tumple dry
What are the standard instructions for ironing temperature?
- 1 dot = cool iron
- 2 dots = medium iron
- 3 dots = hot iron
What are the standard instructions for dry cleaning?
- Empty circle: dry cleaned
- Bars under circle: level of agitation
- X through circle: do not dry clean
What are the effects of heat on thermoplastic fibres?
Washing or ironing at high temperatures can heat set unwanted creases into the product
What do designers need to consider for the care and maintenance of a product?
- The fabric structure
- Applied finishes
- Garment construction
- Detergents used
- What happens during storage
