2.3 – Types of Malwares Flashcards
- Viruses
o Malware that can self-copy / self-replicate but requires human interaction to spread
o Virus Types
Memory Resident
remain in memory while running
o Virus Types
Boot Sector
reside in the first sector of storage media which stores boot data
o Virus Types
Macro
take advantage of automation features in productivity software & spreads through files associated with them
o Virus Types
spread either as attachments or scripts that are part of an email
- Worms
o Malware that can spread without human interaction
o Worms can spread from one device in a network to another
- Ransomware
o Kind of malware that encrypts a victim’s data & holds the decryption key for ransom
o An effective backup system that stores data offline
—Air gapped data = data that is NOT connected
- Cryptominers
o Uses a victim’s system to mine for cryptocurrency without their permissions
o Doesn’t get aggressive to avoid detection
- Trojans
o Type of malware that is typically disguised as legitimate software
- Rootkits
o Allows an attacker to execute commands at an elevated privilege
o Prevent = normal security practices including patching, secure configuration, & ensuring that privilege management is used
o Tools like secure boot & techniques that can validate the integrity of live systems & files can help prevent root kits from being successfully installed or remaining resident
- Spyware
o Obtain information about an individual, organization, or system & then sends it to a malicious person
o Combated = using anti-malware tools
o Awareness training can help prevent installation of spyware
- Keyloggers
o Programs to capture keystrokes usually steal personal data
o Passwords & financial information
o Anti-malware tools = used to detect keylogger malware
