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PL100: Psychology > {23} Emotion > Flashcards

{23} Emotion Flashcards

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1
Q

Explain:

Emotions vs. Drives?

A

Emotions: Occurs from an infinite amount of triggers & can override biological drives
Drives: Linked to very specific needs and triggers

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2
Q

Define:

Emotion?

A

Brief, acute changes in conscious experience and physiology that occur in response to a meaningful situation in a person’s environment.

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3
Q

Define:

Affect?

Types of Affect

A

Referring to a variety of emotional phenomena, including emotions, moods, and affective traits

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4
Q

Define:

Moods?

More?

Types of Affect

A

Changes in affect that fluctuate throughout the day or over several days

Does not have to be about something particular

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5
Q

Define:

Affective Traits?

Example?

Types of Affect

A

Enduring aspects of our personalites that set the threshold for the occurrence of particular emotional states

Hostility or Anxiety

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6
Q

Define:

Basic Emotions?

Examples?

A

Fundamental states that play a role in essential life tasks

Anger, Disgust, Fear, Happiness, Sadness, and Surprise

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7
Q

Define:

Self-Conscious Emotions?

Examples?

A

Emotions that occur as a function of how well we live up to our expectations, the expectation of others, or the rules set by society

Embarrassment, Guilt, Humiliation, Pride, Shame

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8
Q

Explain:

Emotions in Evolutionary Perspective?

A

Emotions are adaptations to specific problems in our ancestral past and contribute to survival and reproductive success

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9
Q

Explain:

Positive vs. Negative Emotions?

A

Positive: Emotions that enable people to respond effectively to solve different kinds of adapative problems
Negative: Emotions that enable people to respond effectively to a significant challenge or obstacle

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10
Q

Explain:

Broaden-and-build Model?

Positive Emotion Benefits?

Negative Emotion Benefits?

A

Positive Emotions - widen our cognitive perspective

Negative Emotions - Promote a narrow, vigilant way of looking at the world

Perform better on tasks requiring broader attentional focus

Perform better on tasks that require narrow attentional focus and analytic thinking

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11
Q

Explain:

Emotion Process?

A
  1. Antecedent Event
  2. Appraisal & Reappraisal
  3. Emotional Response
    a. Physiological Changes (Back to Appraisal)
    b. Behavioral/Expressive Changes (Expressive Suppression)
    c. Subjective Changes
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12
Q

Define:

Antecedent Events?

Example?

Emotion Process

A

An event that might trigger an emotion

Seeing dog poop on the sidewalk

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13
Q

Define:

Emotional Response?

Example?

Emotion Process

A

A response using an emotion based on a specific appraisal

Getting anxiety after moving to an entirely new city

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14
Q

Define:

Appraisal?

Dimensions of Appraisal?

Agency* (Emotion Process)

A

The evaluation of a siutation with respect to how relevant it is to one’s own welfare

Can be a consicious, deliberate process or automatic

Control, Agency, Pleasantness, Fairness

Whether you or somebody made it happen

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15
Q

Define:

Emotion Regulation?

Reappraisal? Expressive Suppression?

Emotion Process

A

Refers to the cognitive and behavioural efforts people make to modify their emotions
Reappraisal: When people reevalute their views of an event so that a different emotion results
Expressive Suppression: The deliberate attempt to inhibit the outward display of an emotion

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16
Q

Explain:

Physiological Changes?

Examples?

Emotion Process

A

Changes induce by emotion that involve the Autonomic Nervous System

Increases in Heart Rate and Respiration Rate

17
Q

Explain:

How do people show Emotions?

Importance?

A

Behavioral-Expressive Changes
& Facial Expressives

There are universal facial expressions and behavioral expressions for most cultures

18
Q

Explain:

Facial Action Coding System (FACS)?

A

A widely used method by which coders describe the observable muscular movements that are possible in the human face

19
Q

Define:

Duchenne Smile?

A

A genunine smile that expresses true enjoyment

20
Q

Identify & Explain:

Subjective Experiences?

Emotion Process

A

The quality of our conscious experience during an emotional response

21
Q

Explain:

James-Lange Theory of Emotion?

Process & Main Point?

Physiological Theory

A

Emotion is caused by physiological responses to a stressor

Process: See the Stimulus -> Physiological Response -> Feeling Emotion

Critics:
- Feedback from bodily organs is not enough to prove variety of emotional experience (There are other factors)

EX: You feel fear because you start sweating and your hearts starts beating fast

22
Q

Explain:

Facial-Feedback Theory of Emotion?

Example?

Physiological Theory

A

Emotions are direcetly tied to changes in Facial Muscles/Expressions

People forced to smile at social function = Have a good time

People forced to frown = Will most likely not have a good time

23
Q

Explain:

Schachter-Singer Theory?
(or Two-Factor Theory of Emotion)

Process & Main Point?

Cognitive Theory

A

After responding to a stressor, your appraise the threat at the same time as changes happen in your body, which leads you to feel emotion

Process: See Stimulus -> Physiological Response + Apprasial -> Feeling Emotion

Appraisal of a Physiological response causes Emotion

24
Q

Explain:

Cannon-Bard Theory of Emotion?

Process & Main Point?

Physiological Theory

A

You respond emotionally to a stressor at the same time the physiological changes in your body happen

Process: See Stimulus -> Physiological Response + Feeling Emotion

DOES NOT INDICATE THAT YOU FEEL EMOTION BECAUSE OF A PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE

25
Q

Define:

Evolutionary Theory of Evolution?

Process & Main Point?

Neurological Theory

A

**Emotions exist because they serve an adapative role. **

  • To respond quickly to stimuli in the environment which helps improve the chances of success and survival
26
Q

Explain:

Lazarus’s Cognitive Mediational Theory?

Cognitive Theory

A

After being exposed to a stressor, you appraise the threat, then you feel the emotion, then you have a physiological response

Process: See Stimulus -> Cognitive Appraisal -> Feeling Emotion -> Physiological Response

27
Q

Explain:

Functions of Amygdala, Prefrontal Cortex, Anterior Cingulate Cortex, Hypothalamus, Insula?

Role in Emotion

A

Amygdala: Responsible for Appraisal
Prefrontal Cortex: Evaluates relevance of events in the world to oneself
Anterior Cingulate Cortex: Recalls emotional Experiences
Hypothalamus: Generates pleasure and sense of reward with respect to emotions
Insula: Perceives and sense emotions arising in the body

28
Q

Explain:

Neurocultural Theory of Emotion?

Display Rules?

Neurological Theory

A

Facial Expression & Physiological changes in basic emotions are universal
WHILE…
Appraisal and regulation of their emotion differ from one culture to another

Learned norms or rules, Often taught very early

29
Q

Explain:

Gender & Emotion?

A

Emotion varies across gender ONLY IN:
-* Verbal Descrpition of Emotion:* Women talk more than men about emotions
- Facial Expression: Women can recognize facial expressions of emotion better, especially more subtle ones
- Brain Physiology: Women have a greater left amygdala activation to negative affect, while men have a greater amygdala activation to postive affect

PL100: Psychology (20 decks)

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