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PL100: Psychology > {20} Personality I > Flashcards

{20} Personality I Flashcards

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1
Q

Define:

Personality?

2 Components?

A

The unique and relatively enduring set of behaviors, feelings, thoughts, and motives that characterize an individual

Uniqueness & Consistency

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2
Q

Explain:

Uniqueness?

Example?

What is another term for ‘Uniqueness’?

A

The uniqueness of an individual’s thoughts, feelings, and behavior

Characteristic of Perosnality -> Hostility -> Road Rage

Individual Differences

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3
Q

Explain:

Relatively Enduring Consistency?

A

Consistency Over Time: The extent to which a person behaves the same way throughout his or her lifespan
Consistency across situations: Refers to the consistently unique way a person behaves in different situations

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4
Q

Define:

Personality Trait?

Examples?

How is it distributed?

A

A disposition to behave consistently in a particular way

Friendliness & Intelligence

Normally distributed

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5
Q

Define:

Neuroticism?

What is it?

A

The extent to which a person is prone to anxiety, guilty, and sadness
or…
is calm, steady, and emotionally stable on the other hand

Personality Trait

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6
Q

Define:

Behavioral Thresholds?

Relationship to traits?

A

Low Threshold: You are likely to behave in a particular way
High Threshold: You are not likely to behave in a particular way

Personality traits lower behavioral Thresholds

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7
Q

Identify:

Humanistic Approach?

More details?

A

Belief that personality is developed through humans natural interest in realizing their full potential

Optimistic Approach; Study humans at best and worst

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8
Q

Define:

Positive Psychology?

Offshoot of what?

A

The focusing on positive states and experiences such as hope, optimism, wisdom, creativity, spirituality, and positive emotions

Humanism

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9
Q

Identify:

Maslow’s Self-Actualization?

A

People’s inherent drive to realize their full potential

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10
Q

Identify:

Maslow’s 5 common characteristics?

How many total?

A
  1. Spontaneity, Simplicity, Naturalness
  2. Problem-centered (Have a ‘calling’)
  3. Creativity (Self-Actualizing Rather than Specialized
  4. Deep Interpersonal Relationships
  5. Resistance to Enculturation

15 Total Characteristics

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11
Q

Explain:

Spontaneity, Simplicity, Naturalness?

5 Characteristic of Self-Actualizing People

A

People can be childlike in their ability to be spontaneous and straightforward; they do not pretend to be what they are not

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12
Q

Explain:

Problem-centered (Have a ‘calling’) ?

Peak Experiences?

5 Characteristic of Self-Actualizing People

A

People who suddenly figure out what they want to do in life and then devote the rest of their lives to it

Profound moments of personal importance or meaning

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13
Q

Explain:

Creativity (Self-Actualizing Rather than Specialized?

5 Characteristic of Self-Actualizing People

A

People who are able to readily solve problems with originiality and novelty

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14
Q

Explain:

Deep Interpersonal Relationships?

5 Characteristic of Self-Actualizing People

A

Likely to have few but PROFOUND relationships (Only have a few friends but are really close with them)

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15
Q

Explain:

Resistance to Enculturation?

5 Characteristic of Self-Actualizing People

A

People who are not likely to be influenced by the ideas and attitudes of others

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16
Q

Define:

Unconditional & Conditional Positive Regard?

More?

A

Unconditional:The ability to respect and appreciate another person unconditionally - regardless of their behaviour
Conditional: Conditions of worth that must be achieved in order to be considered successful

17
Q

Explain:

Carl Rogers Belief?

A

In order for people to naturally strive to growth and fulfillment, they need Unconditional Positive Regard

18
Q

Explain:

Real self vs. Ideal Self?

A

**Real Self: **What we really are
**Ideal Self: **What we would ideally like to be

19
Q

Define:

Actualizing Tendency? Psychological Adjustment?

A

Actualizing Tendency: A person’s basic instinct to succeed at his or her highest possible capacity
Psychological Adjustment: The congruency between the real and ideal selves

20
Q

Identify:

Humanism vs. Positive Psychology?

A

Positive psychologists are more likely to base their ideas on RESEARCH rather than speculation, clinical practice, and observation (Humanist stuff)

21
Q

Identify:

Big 5 Factors?

OCEAN (or CANOE)

A

Openness, Conscientiousness,
Extraversion, Agreeableness, Neuroticism

22
Q

Define:

Transcendence?

A

Superior Excellence; Supereminence

23
Q

Define:

Humanistic Psychology?

A

The psychological perspective which emphasizes an individual’s inherent drive towards self-actualization and creativity

24
Q

Identify:

Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs?

A

1.Physiological (Basic Needs: Breathing, Homeostaisis, Sleep)
2.Safety (Employment, Resources, Family)
3.Love (or Belonging) (Friendship, Family, Sexual Intimacy)
4.Esteem (Self-Esteem, Confidence, Achievement, Respect)
5.Self-Actualization (Morality, Creativity, Spontaneity)

25
Q

Identify:

Criticisms of Maslow?

A
  • Lack of Scientific Rigor & Empirical Evidence
  • Extreme focus on the subjective experience of the individual
  • Hierarchy of Needs has cultural biases (Reflects Western Influence)
26
Q

Define:

Holistic?

A

Looking at a whole instead of seperating it by parts

27
Q

Define:

Congruity?

A

An instance or point of agreement or correspondence between the ideal self and the real self

28
Q

Define:

Self Concept?

A

An organized, fluid, conceptual pattern of concepts and values related to the self

29
Q

Identify:

Openness?

A

How interested in neew experiences or new ideas is someone?
Hww imaginitive, original, and curious are they?

30
Q

Identify:

Conscientiousness?

A

How planned, organized, orderly, hard-working, controlled, perservering, punctual, and ambituous is someone?

31
Q

Identify:

Extraversion?

A

How sociable, talkative, active outgoing, confident, and fun-loving is someone?

32
Q

Identify:

Agreeableness?

A

How friendly, warm, trusting, generous, and good-natured is someone?

33
Q

Identify:

Neurocitism?

A

How anxious, worrying, tense, emotional, and high-strung is someone?

PL100: Psychology (20 decks)

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