2.2 Structure of the Angiosperm leaf Flashcards

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1
Q

Name the 7 main parts of the leaf from top to bottom

A
  • Waxy cuticle
  • upper epidermis
  • palisade mesophyll
  • spongy mesophyll (with air spaces)
  • vascular bundles (xylem and phloem)
  • Guard cells
  • Stomata
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2
Q

What are the adaptations of the leaf for harvesting light energy?

A
  • Transparent cuticle
  • Thin so light penetrates easily
  • palisade packed with chloroplasts which orientate themselves towards the light
  • Chloroplasts filled with photosynthetic pigments to absorb light
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3
Q

What are the adaptations of the leaf for inward diffusion of carbon dioxide?

A

-Stomata on underside of leaf open to allow gas exchange
-Thin for short diffusion pathway
-Spongy mesophyll contains air spaces for diffusion of gases
-Mesophyll cells in contact with air in air spaces provides very large surface area
-Mesophyll cell surface covered in water for dissolving gas before diffusion

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4
Q

How are products of photosynthesis transported from the leaves to other areas of the plant?

A

Glucose is converted to sucrose for transport in the phloem

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5
Q

What is the role of the stomata?

A

Stomata open to allow gas exchange
Stomata close to limit water loss through evaporation

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6
Q

What is the role of the waxy cuticle?

A

Reducers water loss via evaporation

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7
Q

What is the role of the upper epidermis?

A

Transparent(allow light to pass for photosynthesis).
Synthesises to secrete waxy cuticle

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8
Q

What is the role of the palisade mesophyll?

A

main photosynthetic tissue
contains many chloroplasts

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9
Q

What is the role of the spongy mesophyll + air spaces ?

A

-also carry out photosynthesis due to chloroplasts
-air spaces allow for circulation of gases

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10
Q

What is the role of the vascular bundles?

A

xylem = water + mineral transport
phloem = transport of sucrose + amino acids

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11
Q

What is the role of the guard cells?

A

become turgid and flaccid due to changes in water potential. This opens and closes the stomatal pore.

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