1.5 ATP (nucleic acids)

Question 1

What are the components of ATP

Answer 1

-adenine (bases)
-ribose(pentose - sugar)
-3 phosphate

Question 2

what is an Endergonic reaction

Answer 2

a reaction that requires energy to be driven

Question 3

what is an exogonic reaction

Answer 3

one which there is a positive flow of energy from the system to the surroundings

Question 4

How much energy is released from one mole of ATP when it is hydrolysed to ADP
and Pi?

Answer 4

30.6KJ/mol

Question 5

List 3 advantages of using ATP to provide energy in cells.

Answer 5

• ATP is soluble, therefore easily transportable
• only released in small amounts and when needed
• only 1 enzyme needed(ATPase) -many needed for glucoses

Question 6

What is the sugar in DNA?

Answer 6

deoxyribose

Question 7

Which bases are in the nucleotides of DNA?

Answer 7

Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine

Question 8

What is the sugar in RNA?

Answer 8

Ribose

Question 9

What are the bases in RNA?

Answer 9

Adenine
Uracil
Guanine
Cytosine

Question 10

How does the structure of ATP differ from that of DNA?

Answer 10

ATP has three phosphate groups, but DNA only has one.

Question 11

what is ATP

Answer 11

the universal energy constant

Question 12

write the reaction to form energy from ATP

Answer 12

ATP + Water –> ADP + Pi + Energy(30kJ/mol)

(reversible reaction)

Question 13

which enzyme is used to break the bond between phosphates

Answer 13

ATPase

Question 14

when ATP is reformed, what is the process called

Answer 14

Phosphorylation (phosphate added to ADP)

Question 15

where is ATP produced

Answer 15

cytoplasm, mitochondria(matrix) and chloroplasts(thylakoid membranes)

Question 16

name 5 processes that ATP provides energy for

Answer 16

• metabolic processes
• active transport
• movement
• nerve transmission
• secretion

Question 17

advantages of ATP

Answer 17

• ATP -> ADP = IMMEDIATE ENERGY
  -only 1 enzymes needed (ATPase)
• releases energy in small amounts only when needed
• soluble + easily transportable