1.5 ATP (nucleic acids) Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the components of ATP

A

-adenine (bases)
-ribose(pentose - sugar)
-3 phosphate

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2
Q

what is an Endergonic reaction

A

a reaction that requires energy to be driven

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3
Q

what is an exogonic reaction

A

one which there is a positive flow of energy from the system to the surroundings

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4
Q

How much energy is released from one mole of ATP when it is hydrolysed to ADP
and Pi?

A

30.6KJ/mol

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5
Q

List 3 advantages of using ATP to provide energy in cells.

A
  • ATP is soluble, therefore easily transportable
  • only released in small amounts and when needed
  • only 1 enzyme needed(ATPase) -many needed for glucoses
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6
Q

What is the sugar in DNA?

A

deoxyribose

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7
Q

Which bases are in the nucleotides of DNA?

A

Adenine
Thymine
Guanine
Cytosine

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8
Q

What is the sugar in RNA?

A

Ribose

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9
Q

What are the bases in RNA?

A

Adenine
Uracil
Guanine
Cytosine

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10
Q

How does the structure of ATP differ from that of DNA?

A

ATP has three phosphate groups, but DNA only has one.

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11
Q

what is ATP

A

the universal energy constant

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12
Q

write the reaction to form energy from ATP

A

ATP + Water –> ADP + Pi + Energy(30kJ/mol)

(reversible reaction)

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13
Q

which enzyme is used to break the bond between phosphates

A

ATPase

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14
Q

when ATP is reformed, what is the process called

A

Phosphorylation (phosphate added to ADP)

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15
Q

where is ATP produced

A

cytoplasm, mitochondria(matrix) and chloroplasts(thylakoid membranes)

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16
Q

name 5 processes that ATP provides energy for

A
  • metabolic processes
  • active transport
  • movement
  • nerve transmission
  • secretion
17
Q

advantages of ATP

A
  • ATP -> ADP = IMMEDIATE ENERGY
    -only 1 enzymes needed (ATPase)
  • releases energy in small amounts only when needed
  • soluble + easily transportable