1.1 Biomolecules: Proteins and Triglycerides Flashcards
Be able to draw a generic amino acid
(i don’t have the premium version of the website so can’t add pictures sorry! )
Why are amino acids said to be amphoteric?
They have both an acidic carboxyl group (COOH) and an alkaline amine group (NH2)
How many amino acids are there and how do they differ?
20
Their R groups are all different
What is the simplest amino acid?
Glycine
R group = H
What is the bond that holds amino acids together in a polypeptide?
Peptide bond
Draw a peptide bond
(i don’t have the premium version of the website so can’t add pictures sorry! )
What type of reaction takes place during the formation of a peptide bond?
Condensation
Results in the production of water
What type of reaction takes place during the breaking of a peptide bond?
Hydrolysis
Requires the addition of water
What is the primary structure of a protein?
The number and sequence of amino acids in a polypeptide chain
Amino acids joined by PEPTIDE bonds
What is the secondary structure of a protein?
Folding of the peptide chain into an alpha helix or a beta pleated sheet.
Structure held together by HYDROGEN bonds
Describe the location of a hydrogen bond in a secondary structure
Between the C=O of one amino acid and the NH of another
What type of secondary structure is a spiral in the ribbon diagram?
Alpha helix
What type of secondary structure is zigzag in the ribbon diagram?
A beta pleated sheet
What is the tertiary structure of a protein?
3D structure formed by further folding of the polypeptide chains.
Structure maintained by:
Disulphide bridges
Ionic bonds
Covalent bonds
Hydrophobic interactions
What type of structure does a globular protein have?
Tertiary or quaternary
