22 23 24 25 Flashcards
A patient has a positive Chvostek sign. The nurse interprets this as a sign of
neuromuscular excitability
-can be caused by HYPOcalcemia, HYPOmagnesemia
Certain autoimmune diseases are associated with the presence of specific proteins on a person’s cells. These proteins are called ________ proteins.
HLA + MHC
What is likely to lead to hyponatremia?
Frequent nasogastric tube irrigation with water
HYPERcalcemia and HYPERmagnesemia cause
decreased neuromuscular excitability
Renal compensation for respiratory acidosis is evidenced by
elevated bicarbonate ion concentration.
The major cause of death from leukemic disease is
infection
An increase in the resting membrane potential (hyperpolarized) is associated with
HYPOKALEMIA
Rheumatic heart disease is most often a consequence of
β-hemolytic streptococcal infection.
ketones suggest
metab acidosis
The most common primary immune deficiency that affects only B cells is
selective IgA.
The therapy that most directly improves cardiac contractility in a patient with systolic heart failure is
digitalis
When a parent of a toddler recently diagnosed with pneumococcal pneumonia asks why their child is so much sicker than a classmate was when they were diagnosed with pneumonia, the nurse replies
“It sounds like your child has a case of bacterial pneumonia, while the classmate had viral pneumonia.”
Myocarditis should be suspected in a patient who presents with
acute onset of left ventricular dysfunction.
Chest pain and ST elevation is indicative of
myocardial infarction
probability that they will be positive for a condition when applied to a person with the condition; this probability is termed
sensitivity.
The characteristic x-ray findings in tuberculosis include
Ghon tubercles.
Causes of metabolic acidosis include
tissue anoxia
Aortic regurgitation is associated with
diastolic murmur
Administration of which therapy is most appropriate for hypovolemic shock?
crystalloids
Overproduction of nitric oxide is an important aspect of the pathophysiologic process of what type of shock?
Septic
A patient (8 months preg) has developed eclampsia and is receiving intravenous magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures. To determine if her infusion rate is too high, you should regularly
check the patellar reflex;
-if it becomes weak or absent, her infusion rate probably is too high and she is at risk for respiratory depression or cardiac arrest.
-bc HYPERmagnesia causes decrease in neuromuscular ecitability
A person who experiences a panic attack and develops hyperventilation symptoms may experience
Numbness and tingling in the extremities occurs in alkalosis
Hyperaldosteronism causes
ECV excess and hypokalemia.
-Hyperaldosteronism causes excessive renal retention of sodium and water and excessive potassium excretion
Signs and symptoms of clinical dehydration include
decr urine output
Two primary acid-base disorders that are present independently are referred to as
mixed acid base imbalance
A patient with significant aortic stenosis is likely to experience
SYNCOPE
