20 Shock Flashcards
Shock
pathogenesis
- imbalance bw O2 supply + O2 requirement at the cellular level
- shock represents a diverse group of life-threatening conditions
- common factor among all types of shock HYPOPERFUSION + impaired cellular O2 utilization
inadequate cellular oxygenation may result from…
1 decreased CO
2 maldistribution of BF
3 reduced blood oxygen content
Shock
types
1 Cardiogenic
2 Obstructive
3 Hypovolemic
4 Distributive
Cardiogenic Shock
inadequate CO despite sufficient vascular volume
Obstructive Shock
circulatory blockage (like a large pulmonary embolus or cardiac tamponade)
Hypovolemic Shock
loss of blood volume as a result of hemorrhage or excessive loss of extracellular fluids
Distributive Shock
greatly expanded vascular space bc of inappropriate vasodilation
lack of oxygen causes…
reperfusion injury
Types of Distributive Shock
- characterized by excessive vasodilation + peripheral pooling of blood
- –CO inadequate due to reduced preload
1 Anaphylactic Shock
2 Neurogenic Shock
3 Septic Shock
Anaphylactic SHock
- Type I Hypersensitivity
- mast cells release HISTAMINE resulting in severe hypotension
Histamine
vasodilatory mediators
Neurogenic Shock
loss of sympathetic activation of arteriolar smooth muscles
Septic Shock
severe systemic inflammatory response to infection
-NO + kinin
Shock
complications
- shock states results in reduced/inadequate cellular oxygen consumption
- -may affect all organs + systems of body
- complications are INFLAMMATORY
- inflammation triggered by hypoxic injury to cells, by antigen or endotoxin
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome [ARDS]
- commonly assoc w Septic Shock
- dvlpt of refractory hypoxia, decr pulmonary compliance, + radiographic evidence of pulmonary edema
- neutrophils release proteolytic enzymes, produce oxygen-free radicals, + secrete inflammatory chem that makes pulmonary capillaries leaky