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A micro ANA II (theory) > 21. Inner coat of the eyeball, retina. Development of the eye > Flashcards

21. Inner coat of the eyeball, retina. Development of the eye Flashcards

1
Q

Development of the eye
-> What happen during 5th week?

A

Eye will form a double-layerd eye cups
(inside retina pars nervosa, outside pigment epithelium - stratum pigmentosum)

Ocular cup stalk directs the optic nerve out of the retina towards the diencephalon

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2
Q

Development of the eye
-> 5th week
-> Eye will form ___

A

a double-layerd eye cups
(inside retina pars nervosa, outside pigment epithelium - stratum pigmentosum)

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3
Q

Development of the eye
-> 5th week
-> Ocular cup stalk directs the optic nerve out of the retina towards ___

A

the diencephalon

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4
Q

Characteristics of Macula lutea

A
  • 4mm temporal to the disc n. optici
  • Carotoids in outer segments → yellow
  • Free from large vessels
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5
Q

Characteristics of fovea centralis

A

place of sharpest vision
INL and GL are thinner
Large cone density

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6
Q

Characteristics of Fovea

A

Only CONES (slim)
Avascular

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7
Q

DISTRIBUTION OF THE RETINA, TOPOGRAPHY
-> Identify

A
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8
Q

PARS OPTICA RETINAE
-> List the layers

A
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9
Q

Identify these cells in the retina

A
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10
Q

Name these 2 ways

A
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11
Q

What is the Vertical flow of information?

A

I: Photoreceptor
-> II: Bipolar cells
-> III: Ganglionic cells

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12
Q

Lateral flow of information

A
  • Between photoreceptors: horizontal cell
  • Between bipolar cells: amacrine cell
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13
Q

Lateral flow of information

A
  • Between photoreceptors: horizontal cell
  • Between bipolar cells: amacrine cell
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14
Q

What type of epithelium is STRATUM PIGMENTOSUM?

A

Single-layered cuboidal epithelium

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15
Q

What are the 3 characteristics of STRATUM PIGMENTOSUM?

A
  1. Modified basal membrane in the direction of the choroid = Bruch’s membrane
  2. Associated with zonules accludentes (blood-retina barrier)
  3. Direct photoreceptors: Microvilli (containing pigments, light absorption)
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16
Q

PHOTORECEPTORS OF THE RETINA
-> Identify

17
Q

What does SYNAPTIC LAYER– STR. PLEXIFORME EXTERNUM contain?

A
  1. Cones
  2. Rods
  3. Ribbon Synapses
18
Q

SYNAPTIC LAYER– STR. PLEXIFORME EXTERNUM
-> Characteristics of cones

A
  1. invaginating synapses (triad, 2 horizontal, 1 bipolar)
  2. flat synapses (bipolar)
  3. Gap junctions (between Photoreceptors)
19
Q

SYNAPTIC LAYER– STR. PLEXIFORME EXTERNUM
-> Characteristics of rods

A

invaginating synapses (2 Horizontal, 1-3 Bipolar)

20
Q

STR. GRANULOSUM INTERNUM
-> List the cells

21
Q

SYNAPTIC LAYER – STR. PLEXIFORME INTERNUM
-> Synaptic layer between ___ and ____

A

Between Bipolar cells, Amarkin cells AND ganglionic cells
(Synaptic Dyads: Bipolar cells)

22
Q

GRANULAR LAYER – STR. GANGLIONARE
-> Name 4 types of cells

A
  1. Ganglia cells
  2. Midget cells
  3. Parasol Ganglion cells
  4. Other ganglion cells
23
Q

GRANULAR LAYER – STR. GANGLIONARE
-> What is the role of Ganglic cells

A

Ganglic cells → CGL (lateral geniculate nucleus (Cgl).)
In the direction of the macula in several rows

24
Q

GRANULAR LAYER – STR. GANGLIONARE
-> The role of Midget cells

A

Connection to 1 cone Bipolar → CGL Pars parvocellularis Where? (general properties, movement

25
Q

GRANULAR LAYER – STR. GANGLIONARE
-> The role of Other ganglion cells

A

background exposure, pupillary reflex “Displaced Amacrine Cells”

26
Q

GRANULAR LAYER – STR. GANGLIONARE
-> The role of Parasol Ganglion cells

A
  • Contributes to many bipolar (convergence)
  • parasol ganglion cells contribute to the primary visual pathway via the magnocellular division of the lateral geniculate nucleus

What? (subtleties, contrast, color)

27
Q

STR. NEUROFIBRARUM OR MEMBRANA LIMITANS INTERNA
-> What are characteristics of Str. neurofibrarum

A
  1. Axons of ganglion cells
  2. Non-myelinated nerve fibers
28
Q

STR. NEUROFIBRARUM OR MEMBRANA LIMITANS INTERNA
-> What are characteristics of Lamina limitans interna

A
  1. Extensions of Müller cells
  2. Lamina basalis
29
Q

Blood supply of Str. plexiforme ext.

A

Branches from the Art. centr. retinae reach only to the OPL.

30
Q

The outermost layers (photoreceptors) are supplied by ___

A

diffusion from the choroid.

31
Q

Branches from the Art. centr. retinae reach only to the OPL.
-> The outermost layers (photoreceptors) are supplied by diffusion from the choroid.
-> Photoreceptors are therefore particularly at risk in ___

A

retinal ablation.

32
Q

A. ophthalmica → ____ → A. temporalis sup., inf.

A

A. centralis retinae

33
Q

V. Centralis retinae → ___

A

v. ophthalmica or sinus cavernosus

A micro ANA II (theory) (31 decks)

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